0x Protocol is a decentralized open protocol that facilitates the decentralized exchange of tokens and assets on the Ethereum blockchain.

1inch is a decentralized exchange (DEX) aggregator that sources liquidity from various DEXs. It aims to provide the best rates by splitting orders among multiple exchanges.

A 51% attack refers to an attack on a blockchain network where a single large entity controls more than half of the mining power. This control allows them to potentially double-spend coins or block transactions.

Aave is a decentralized finance (DeFi) protocol that allows users to lend and borrow a large number of cryptocurrencies. It operates on a trustless model using smart contracts on the Ethereum blockchain.

ASIC resistance refers to a cryptocurrency's design to prevent or limit the effectiveness of ASIC mining. This is often achieved through algorithms that require significant memory or computation, making it harder for ASICs to outperform other hardware.

ATH refers to the highest price ever reached by a cryptocurrency in it's lifetime. Reaching a new ATH can indicate strong market confidence and demand for the asset.

ATL refers to the lowest price ever reached by a cryptocurrency in it's lifetime. An ATL can indicate market pessimism or lack of demand.

An account is a digital entity used to interact with any blockchain network. It can hold cryptocurrencies and participate in transactions, identified by a unique address. Accounts can be controlled by private keys and can also interact with smart contracts.

Account abstraction refers to the separation of an account's address from the logic that governs it. This allows for more flexible and complex operations, such as multisignature wallets and smart contract wallets.

In the Injective Protocol, the Active Set refers to the group of top validators selected based on their staked tokens and performance metrics, who are responsible for producing blocks and securing the network. Only validators within this set are eligible to participate in consensus and earn rewards.

Adam Back is a British cryptographer and one of the original cypherpunks. He is known for inventing Hashcash, a proof-of-work system used in Bitcoin mining. Adam Back is also the co-founder and CEO of Blockstream, a blockchain technology company.

An address is a unique identifier that represents a destination for sending and receiving digital assets. It is similar to an account number in traditional banking thereby allowing users to manage their cryptocurrencies.

An airdrop is a distribution of cryptocurrency tokens or coins, typically for free, to a large number of wallet addresses. Airdrops are often used as marketing tools to raise awareness about a project or to reward loyal users.

An airgap wallet is a type of cryptocurrency wallet that is kept entirely offline to enhance security. It involves isolating the private keys from any networked device, preventing hacking or malware attacks.

Alchemy is a blockchain development platform that provides infrastructure and tools to help developers build and scale decentralized applications (dApps). It offers APIs, node infrastructure, and analytics to simplify the development process.

Algorand is a blockchain platform designed for speed, efficiency, and security. It uses a unique consensus mechanism called Pure Proof-of-Stake (PPoS), allowing for fast transactions and low fees.

In the context of cryptocurrency, allocation refers to the distribution of tokens among various stakeholders, including investors, team members, and advisors. It can also refer to the percentage of a portfolio allocated to different assets, helping to diversify risk and optimize returns.

Altcoins are cryptocurrencies other than Bitcoin. The term encompasses a wide variety of digital currencies, including well-known ones like Ethereum, Litecoin, and Monero. Altcoins often aim to improve upon Bitcoin's limitations or offer unique features and use cases.

Ankr is a blockchain-based platform that provides decentralized cloud computing resources. It enables developers to deploy and manage nodes, applications, and services using idle computing resources.

Antpool is a one of the largest cryptocurrency mining pool that allows miners to combine their computational power to increase the chances of successfully mining blocks. It supports various cryptocurrencies, including Bitcoin, and offers a platform for managing mining operations and payouts.

Apeing refers to the act of quickly investing a large amount of money into a new cryptocurrency or token without conducting any background research. This behavior is often driven by fear of missing out (FOMO) on potential gains, and it can be risky due to the lack of due diligence.

An ABI defines the methods and data structures used in a smart contract, enabling interaction between the contract and other software. It is a crucial component for developers, as it specifies how functions in the contract can be called and what data they return. ABIs facilitate communication between different programming languages and blockchain platforms.

ASICs are specialized hardware designed specifically for cryptocurrency mining. They are highly efficient for mining particular coins, offering superior performance compared to general-purpose hardware like CPUs or GPUs.

Aptos is a Layer 1 blockchain focused on delivering high throughput and low-latency performance for decentralized applications. It aims to enhance scalability and usability, supporting smart contracts and DeFi ecosystems.

Arbitrum is a Layer 2 scaling solution for Ethereum that uses rollup technology to increase transaction speed and reduce fees. It processes transactions off-chain while ensuring the security of the Ethereum mainnet.

Arweave is a decentralized storage network designed for permanent data storage. It uses a unique blockweave technology to create a sustainable and permanent data ledger, supporting applications that require long-term data retention.

In Solidity, `assert` is used to test for internal errors and invariants, and it will cause the contract to revert the transaction if the condition is false. Unlike `require`, `assert` should only be used to catch serious issues and is meant to check for conditions that should never occur.

Atomic swaps are peer-to-peer exchanges of cryptocurrencies across different blockchains without the need for a trusted third party. They use smart contracts to ensure that the swap is either fully completed or not at all, preventing partial transactions.

Avalanche is a Layer 1 blockchain platform known for its high throughput and low latency. It uses a unique consensus mechanism called Avalanche consensus, which allows for quick finality and security.

Axie Infinity is a blockchain-based game where players collect, breed, and battle fantasy creatures called Axies. It incorporates elements of decentralized finance (DeFi) and non-fungible tokens (NFTs), allowing players to earn cryptocurrency through gameplay.

Azuki is a digital collectibles project that features unique, hand-drawn characters. These collectibles are typically issued as NFTs on blockchain platforms like Ethereum.

BEP-2 is a technical standard for tokens on the Binance Chain. It defines a set of rules and specifications that tokens must follow to operate on the Binance Chain, similar to the ERC-20 standard on Ethereum.

BEP-20 is a token standard on the Binance Smart Chain (BSC), extending the ERC-20 standard. It allows for the creation of tokens that can represent assets or be used for various applications on BSC. BEP-20 tokens are compatible with the Ethereum network and are widely used in DeFi projects.

BEP-721 is a standard for non-fungible tokens (NFTs) on the Binance Smart Chain. It extends the ERC-721 standard, allowing for the creation of unique digital assets that can be owned and traded. BEP-721 tokens are used for digital art, collectibles, and other unique assets.

BNB is the native cryptocurrency of the Binance ecosystem, used for transaction fees, staking, and various applications within Binance's blockchain network and Binance exchange.

BRC-20 is an experimental token standard on the Bitcoin blockchain that allows users to create and transfer fungible tokens, inspired by Ethereum's ERC-20 standard.

BSC stands for Binance Smart Chain, a blockchain developed by Binance. It supports smart contracts and decentralized applications (dApps) and is known for its low transaction fees and fast block times.

A "bag" refers to the amount of a particular cryptocurrency that an investor holds. The term is often used in the context of holding a significant quantity, especially if the investor is bullish on the asset.

A bagholder is an investor who continues to hold a cryptocurrency that has significantly increased or decreased in value. They often hold onto the asset despite losses or profits, hoping for a future price increase.

Baking is the process of creating new blocks and validating transactions on the Tezos blockchain. Bakers, similar to miners in other blockchain systems, are rewarded with newly minted Tezos tokens (XTZ) for their work.

Base is a Layer 2 scaling network built on the Ethereum blockchain by Coinbase using Optimistic Rollups technology. It aims to reduce transaction costs and increase scalability while inheriting the security and decentralization of Ethereum, providing a more efficient platform for decentralized applications (dApps).

Base Fee is the minimum amount of gas required to include a transaction on the Ethereum network, introduced in EIP-1559.

The Beacon Chain is a core component of Ethereum's upgrade to Ethereum 2.0. It introduces proof-of-stake (PoS) consensus and manages the directory of validators. The Beacon Chain operates alongside the existing Ethereum blockchain, preparing for the full transition to Ethereum 2.0.

A bear is a crypto investor who believes that the market or a specific asset will decline in value. This bearish sentiment can lead to selling crypto, short selling, or holding off on new investments.

A bear market is a prolonged period of declining crypto prices, typically defined as a decline of 20% or more from recent highs. It is characterized by widespread pessimism and negative sentiment among investors. Bear markets can last for months or even years, affecting the overall economy and investment strategies.

A bear trap occurs when the price of a crypto briefly drops, luring in bearish traders expecting a prolonged decline. However, the price then quickly rebounds, leading to losses for those who shorted the asset.

Bearish refers to a pessimistic market outlook, where investors expect the price of an asset to decline. This sentiment typically results in selling pressure and falling prices.

Mike Winkelmann, professionally known as Beeple in crypto community is a digital artist known for creating some of the most valuable non-fungible tokens (NFTs) in the art world. He gained fame when his NFT artwork "Everydays: The First 5000 Days" sold for over $69 million.

Big Endian refers to a data format where the most significant byte is stored at the smallest memory address. This format is often used in cryptographic algorithms and blockchain protocols to standardize how data is represented and transmitted across different systems.

Binance is the largest cryptocurrency exchanges in the world by trading volume. It offers a wide range of digital assets for trading, including spot, futures, and margin trading. Binance also operates its blockchain, Binance Smart Chain, and has a native token, BNB.

Bitcoin is the first and most well-known cryptocurrency, created by an anonymous person or group known as Satoshi Nakamoto. It operates on a decentralized peer-to-peer network and uses a proof-of-work consensus mechanism. Bitcoin is often referred to as digital gold due to its finite supply and store of value properties.

Bitcoin Cash is a fork of Bitcoin that was created to address scalability issues. It increases the block size limit, allowing for more transactions per block.

Bitcoin Core is the reference implementation of the Bitcoin protocol. It is the most widely used software for running full nodes on the Bitcoin network. Bitcoin Core includes a wallet and allows users to participate in the network by validating transactions and blocks.

A BIP is a proposal document providing information to the Bitcoin community, describing new features or processes. BIPs are used to propose changes to the Bitcoin protocol and are subject to review and discussion.

The Bitcoin Misery Index is an indicator that measures the level of misery or happiness among Bitcoin investors. It considers factors like price volatility and trading volume to gauge market sentiment. A high BMI indicates high trading opportunities, while a low BMI suggests a potential buying opportunity.

A Bitcoiner is an individual who supports and advocates for Bitcoin. Bitcoiners are often long-term holders and believe in the principles of decentralization, censorship resistance, and financial sovereignty.

Bitcointalk is an online forum dedicated to discussions about Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies. It was created by Satoshi Nakamoto and has been a central hub for the crypto community since Bitcoin's early days.

Bitfinex is a cryptocurrency exchange known for offering advanced trading features, including margin trading and lending. It supports a wide range of digital assets and provides a platform for high-frequency trading.

Bitmain is a Chinese company that manufactures cryptocurrency mining hardware, including ASIC miners. It is one of the largest producers of Bitcoin mining equipment and has a significant influence on the mining industry. Bitmain also operates mining pools and provides cloud mining services.

Bitpay is a payment service provider that enables businesses to accept Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies as payment. It offers solutions for online and in-store payments, invoicing, and payroll. Bitpay also provides a wallet and debit card for managing and spending digital currencies.

Bittorrent is a peer-to-peer file-sharing protocol that enables the distribution of data across the internet. In the crypto world, Bittorrent has been integrated with blockchain technology through the Bittorrent Token (BTT), which incentivizes sharing and rewards users for participating in the network.

A block is a collection of transactions recorded on a blockchain. Each block contains a cryptographic hash of the previous block, a timestamp, and transaction data. Blocks are added to the blockchain through a consensus mechanism, creating an immutable record of all transactions.

A block explorer is a tool that allows users to view details about transactions, addresses, and blocks on a blockchain. It provides transparency and accessibility, enabling users to track their transactions and monitor network activity.

The block header contains metadata about a specific block in the blockchain, including the previous block's hash, the Merkle root of the transactions, and a timestamp. It is used during the block validation process and is crucial for linking blocks together in the chain.

Block height refers to the number of blocks preceding a particular block in the blockchain, starting from the genesis block. It represents the sequential position of a block in the blockchain.

A unique identifier for each block in the blockchain. It indicates the block’s position in the entire chain, starting from the genesis block.

A block producer is an entity or participant in a blockchain network responsible for mining or validating new blocks in the blockchain. This role is typically fulfilled by miners in Proof-of-Work systems or validators in Proof-of-Stake systems.

A block reward is the incentive given to miners or validators for adding a new block to the blockchain. It typically includes newly minted cryptocurrency and transaction fees.

Block size refers to the amount of data that can be included in a single block on a blockchain, typically measured in bytes or megabytes. It limits the number of transactions that can be processed in a block, affecting the blockchain’s throughput and overall scalability.

Block time refers to the average time it takes to create a new block in a blockchain network. Different blockchains have varying block times, influencing their overall throughput and user experience.

Block weight is a metric used in Bitcoin, to measure the total size and complexity of a block, taking into account both standard and SegWit (Segregated Witness) transactions. It provides a more nuanced way of limiting block capacity compared to block size, with a maximum block weight typically capped at 4 million weight units.

A blockchain is a decentralized, distributed ledger that records transactions across many computers called as nodes. It ensures the security and transparency of data by using cryptographic techniques. Blockchains are the underlying technology for cryptocurrencies and can also be used for various applications like supply chain tracking and voting systems.

Blockchain 1.0 refers to the first generation of blockchain technology, primarily focusing on cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin. This generation established the fundamental concepts of decentralized ledger systems and digital assets.

Blockchain 2.0 is the second generation of blockchain technology, expanding beyond simple cryptocurrencies for transactions to include smart contracts and decentralized applications (dApps). Ethereum is an example of Blockchain 2.0, introducing programmable contracts that automatically execute based on predefined conditions.

Blockchain 3.0 represents the latest advancements in blockchain technology, focusing on scalability, interoperability, and usability. Projects such as Polkadot and Cosmos are examples, working to enable seamless communication between different blockchains.

Blockchair is a blockchain search and analytics engine that allows users to explore and analyze data from multiple blockchain networks, including Bitcoin, Ethereum, and others.

Bloom is a blockchain-based protocol for identity verification and credit scoring. It aims to provide a decentralized and secure way for individuals to manage their credit data. Bloom uses a tokenized system to incentivize data sharing and maintain the integrity of the credit ecosystem.

In NFTs, a Blue Chip refers to a highly reputable and established cryptocurrency or NFT project that is considered a safe and stable investment, much like blue-chip stocks in traditional finance.

Blur is a non-fungible token (NFT) marketplace and aggregator platform focused on offering professional-grade tools for NFT trading and portfolio management.

Bollinger Bands are a technical analysis tool used to measure market volatility. They consist of a moving average line with upper and lower bands that indicate standard deviations from the average. Traders use Bollinger Bands to identify overbought or oversold conditions and potential price reversals.

A Bonded Validator on the Injective Protocol is a validator that has staked a certain amount of INJ tokens to participate in the network's consensus process. Bonded Validators play a critical role in block production and governance, earning rewards for their participation while also risking their stake if they act maliciously.

A bonding curve is a mathematical curve that defines the relationship between the price and supply of a token. It is used in token sales to determine how the price increases as more tokens are purchased.

A bootnode is a node in a blockchain or peer-to-peer network that helps new nodes connect to the network by providing a list of active peers.

Bored Ape Yacht Club is a popular NFT collection consisting of unique, algorithmically generated cartoon apes, often seen as exclusive digital collectibles with membership perks for holders.

A bounty is a reward offered for completing a specific task, often used in the context of blockchain and cryptocurrency projects. Bounties can be for finding bugs, contributing to the development, or promoting a crypto project.

A brain wallet is a type of cryptocurrency wallet that derives a private key from a user-generated passphrase. This method allows users to access their funds by simply remembering a phrase, without needing to store a physical key. However, brain wallets are generally considered insecure due to the risk of easy-to-guess passphrases.

Brave Browser is a privacy-focused web browser that blocks ads and trackers by default. It includes a built-in cryptocurrency wallet and supports the Basic Attention Token (BAT), which rewards users for viewing privacy-respecting ads.

In trading, a breakout occurs when the price of an asset moves above a resistance level or below a support level, often accompanied by increased volume. Breakouts are seen as a signal that a significant price movement is likely to continue.

Brian Armstrong is the co-founder and CEO of Coinbase, one of the largest cryptocurrency exchanges in the world.

A bridge in blockchain technology allows for the transfer of assets and data between different blockchain networks. Bridges enable interoperability between separate blockchains, facilitating cross-chain transactions and communication.

A bubble in financial markets refers to a situation where the price of an asset inflates rapidly, far exceeding its intrinsic value. Bubbles are often driven by speculative buying and can lead to a sharp market correction or crash. In the cryptocurrency space, bubbles can occur when hype and speculation drive prices unsustainably high.

In financial markets, a bull is an investor who believes that the market or a specific asset will rise in value. Bullish sentiment often leads to buying activity, driving prices higher. The term is derived from the way bulls attack by thrusting their horns upward, symbolizing upward market movement.

A bull market is a period characterized by rising asset prices, typically accompanied by positive investor sentiment. In a bull market, demand for assets exceeds supply, leading to price increases.

A bull run is an extended period during which the price of an asset or a group of assets rises significantly. Bull runs are usually driven by strong fundamentals, positive news, or investor optimism.

Bullish refers to an optimistic sentiment in crypto markets, where investors believe that the price of a crypto will rise. It often leads to increased buying activity and is associated with rising prices.

Burning refers to the process of permanently removing a cryptocurrency or token from circulation. This is usually done by sending the tokens to an unusable address, effectively destroying them. Token burns can be used to reduce supply, increase scarcity, and potentially boost the value of the remaining tokens.

Burn rate refers to the rate at which a project spends its capital. In the context of cryptocurrency projects, burn rate is a critical metric for understanding how quickly funds are being used. A high burn rate can be a warning sign of financial instability, while a low burn rate indicates careful management of resources.

Buy the Dip is a strategy that involves purchasing an asset after its price has declined, with the expectation that it will recover and increase in value. The phrase is popular among cryptocurrency traders, who see dips as buying opportunities. The strategy relies on the belief in the asset's long-term potential.

Bytecode is the low-level machine-readable code that is executed by a virtual machine, such as the Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM), typically derived from higher-level programming languages like Solidity.

Byzantine Fault Tolerance is a property of a system that can continue to operate correctly even if some of its components fail or act maliciously. In blockchain, BFT ensures that the network can reach consensus and maintain security despite the presence of bad actors.

The Byzantine Generals Problem is a theoretical problem in distributed systems that illustrates the challenges of achieving consensus in a system where participants may act maliciously or unpredictably.

The Byzantium Fork was a significant upgrade to the Ethereum network implemented in October 2017, introducing various improvements such as privacy features, lower gas costs, and the groundwork for future scaling solutions.

CALL is an operation code (opcode) in the Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM) used to invoke another contract and transfer value, allowing interaction between smart contracts.

CALLCODE is an EVM OPcode that executes code from another contract but retains the context (storage and address) of the calling contract, typically used for more complex contract interactions. This call_type is deprecated in solidity 0.5.0 and replaced by DELEGATE CALL.

"Can Devs Do Something?" is a meme originating from the crypto community, used humorously or seriously to express frustration over market conditions or to request developers to intervene in ongoing issues in a crypto project.

Canaan is a technology company that produces hardware for cryptocurrency mining, particularly known for its Avalon series of Bitcoin mining machines.

A candlestick is a type of chart used in technical analysis to display price movements of an asset. Each candlestick shows the opening, closing, high, and low prices for a specific time period.

Cardano is a proof-of-stake blockchain platform designed to provide a more secure and scalable infrastructure for decentralized applications and smart contracts, with its native cryptocurrency, ADA.

Casascius coins are physical Bitcoins, created by Mike Caldwell, that contain embedded private keys and can be redeemed for digital Bitcoin once the coin is peeled open.

Casper is an upgrade to the Ethereum blockchain that aims to implement a proof-of-stake (PoS) consensus mechanism. Unlike proof-of-work (PoW), PoS does not require mining, reducing energy consumption. Casper is designed to improve the scalability and security of the Ethereum network.

Caspian is a cryptocurrency trading platform that offers institutional-grade trading tools and infrastructure. It provides a single interface for trading across multiple exchanges, offering features like order management, portfolio tracking, and risk management.

A central bank is a national institution responsible for managing a country's monetary policy, regulating the supply of money, and maintaining financial stability. Central banks play a crucial role in controlling inflation, setting interest rates, and acting as a lender of last resort.

CBDCs are digital versions of a country's fiat currency issued and regulated by the central bank. Unlike cryptocurrencies, CBDCs are centralized and represent a digital form of legal tender. They aim to provide the benefits of digital payments while maintaining the stability and trust of traditional currency systems.

A centralized exchange is a platform that facilitates the trading of cryptocurrencies and other digital assets. These exchanges are managed by a central authority, which acts as an intermediary between buyers and sellers. CEXs often offer features like high liquidity, advanced trading tools, and customer support.

Chainlink is a decentralized oracle network that enables smart contracts to securely interact with real-world data. Oracles are essential for smart contracts that require external information, such as weather conditions or stock prices.

A chainsplit, also known as a hard fork, occurs when a blockchain diverges into two separate chains due to differences in protocol or rules. Chainsplits can result from disagreements within the community or technical upgrades.

Changpeng Zhao, also known as CZ, is the founder and CEO of Binance, one of the world's largest cryptocurrency exchanges.

Chipmixer was a Bitcoin mixing service that allowed users to anonymize their transactions by pooling and redistributing coins in a way that obscures the transaction history.

A cipher is an algorithm used to encrypt and decrypt information, converting it into a format that is unreadable without the proper decryption key. In blockchain and cryptocurrency, ciphers are used to secure communications, transactions, and data. The strength of a cipher depends on its complexity and the length of the keys used.

Circle is a financial services company that offers cryptocurrency-related products, including the issuance of the USDC stablecoin, which is pegged to the U.S.D.

Circulating supply refers to the total number of coins or tokens of a cryptocurrency that are currently available for trading in the market. It excludes locked, reserved, or otherwise unavailable coins. The circulating supply is a critical metric for calculating the market capitalization of a cryptocurrency.

In blockchain, a client is software that allows users to interact with a blockchain network. Clients can be full nodes, which store the entire blockchain, or lightweight clients, which do not store the full blockchain but rely on full nodes for data. They provide functionalities like sending transactions and querying blockchain data.

Cloud mining is a service that allows users to rent cryptocurrency mining hardware and resources located in remote data centers. Users can earn cryptocurrency without managing physical hardware or dealing with the technical aspects of mining.

A co-signer is an additional party who must approve transactions in a multi-signature (multi-sig) wallet setup, adding an extra layer of security and shared control over funds.

A coin is a digital asset that operates on its own blockchain and is used as a medium of exchange, store of value, or unit of account. Examples include Bitcoin, Ethereum, and Litecoin. Coins differ from tokens, which are digital assets created on existing blockchains and often serve a specific purpose within a project.

CoinDCX is an Indian cryptocurrency exchange offering trading services in a wide range of digital assets, as well as crypto-based financial products.

CoinMarketCap is a website that provides real-time data on the price, market capitalization, and trading volume of cryptocurrencies. It is one of the most widely used resources for tracking the performance of digital assets.

Coinbase is a popular cryptocurrency exchange that allows users to buy, sell, and store a wide variety of digital assets. It is known for its user-friendly interface, making it accessible to beginners.

A coinbase reward is the reward that miners or validators receive for successfully adding a new block to the blockchain, typically including both newly minted cryptocurrency and transaction fees.

A coinbase transaction is the first transaction in a new block on the blockchain, which creates the block reward and sends it to the miner or validator who produced the block.

Coincheck is a Japanese cryptocurrency exchange that offers trading in a variety of digital assets. It is one of the largest exchanges in Japan and provides services like spot trading, lending, and insurance.

Cold storage refers to storing cryptocurrencies offline, away from internet access, to protect it from hacking or theft. Common cold storage methods include hardware wallets, paper wallets, and secure USB drives. Cold storage is considered one of the safest ways to store large amounts of cryptocurrency.

A cold wallet is a type of cryptocurrency wallet that is not connected to the internet, making it less vulnerable to cyber attacks. It is used for the secure, long-term storage of digital assets. Cold wallets can be hardware wallets, paper wallets, or other forms of offline storage.

In finance, collateral is an asset that a borrower offers to a lender as security for a loan. In the cryptocurrency space, collateral is often used in decentralized finance (DeFi) protocols, where users can lock up digital assets to borrow other cryptocurrencies.

A collateralized stablecoin is a type of cryptocurrency that is backed by collateral, such as fiat currency, other cryptocurrencies, or commodities. The collateral acts as a reserve to maintain the stablecoin's value. Examples include Tether (USDT) and DAI.

Colored coins refer to a class of methods used to represent and manage real-world assets, like stocks or property, on the Bitcoin blockchain through tokenization.

Community takeover occurs when a crypto project’s community members take control or influence the direction of the project, usually in response to leadership issues or decentralization efforts.

Confirmations refer to the number of blocks that have been added to the blockchain since a transaction was included, with more confirmations increasing the security and immutability of the transaction.

Consensus is the process by which participants in a blockchain network agree on the validity and order of transactions, ensuring consistency across the distributed ledger.

A consensus algorithm is a protocol used in blockchain networks to agree on the validity of transactions and the state of the ledger. Different blockchains use different consensus algorithms, such as proof-of-work (PoW), proof-of-stake (PoS), and delegated proof-of-stake (DPoS).

The consensus layer is the component of a blockchain protocol that handles the validation of transactions and blocks, ensuring that all network participants follow the agreed-upon rules.

A consensus mechanism is the protocol used by blockchain networks to achieve agreement on the state of the ledger, such as Proof of Work (PoW) or Proof of Stake (PoS).

ConsenSys is a blockchain technology company that develops decentralized software services and applications primarily on the Ethereum network, including tools like MetaMask and Infura.

A consortium blockchain is a type of blockchain where the consensus process is controlled by a pre-selected group of nodes. Unlike public blockchains, consortium blockchains are permissioned and not open to everyone. They are often used in business settings where multiple organizations collaborate and require a private, shared ledger.

The Constantinople Fork was a major Ethereum network upgrade that implemented several improvements, including reduced gas costs and optimized smart contract execution, as part of Ethereum's transition to Proof of Stake.

A contract in blockchain refers to a smart contract, which is a self-executing contract with the terms directly written into code. Smart contracts automatically enforce and execute the terms of an agreement based on predefined conditions.

Copay is a multi-signature Bitcoin wallet that allows multiple users to co-manage funds. It offers features like multiple wallet support, shared accounts, and multi-device synchronization. Copay is known for its user-friendly interface and security features, making it suitable for both individuals and businesses.

A correction refers to a decline in the price of an asset or market after a significant upward trend. Corrections are usually short-term and can provide a buying opportunity for investors. In the cryptocurrency market, corrections are common due to high volatility and can occur quickly and sharply.

CosmWasm is a smart contract platform built on the Cosmos blockchain ecosystem, enabling developers to write and deploy contracts in WebAssembly (Wasm) for interoperable, cross-chain applications. It enhances the Cosmos ecosystem by allowing more secure and efficient contract execution.

Cosmos is a blockchain ecosystem designed to enable interoperability between multiple blockchains. It uses the Tendermint consensus algorithm and the Inter-Blockchain Communication (IBC) protocol to allow different chains to communicate and exchange assets. Cosmos aims to create an Internet of Blockchains, facilitating seamless interaction between decentralized networks.

Counterparty refers to the other party involved in a financial transaction. In the cryptocurrency space, counterparty risk arises when the other party fails to fulfill their obligations, such as failing to deliver assets or funds. Counterparty risk is a significant concern in centralized exchanges and over-the-counter (OTC) trading.

Craig Wright is an Australian computer scientist who claims to be Satoshi Nakamoto, the creator of Bitcoin, though his claim has been widely proven to be false in the community.

Crowdfunding is the process of raising small amounts of money from a large number of people to fund a project or venture, often used in the crypto space for launching new crypto projects.

Crypto is a shorthand term for cryptocurrency, a digital or virtual asset that uses cryptography for security. Cryptocurrencies operate on decentralized networks based on blockchain technology. They offer a range of uses, from peer-to-peer payments to decentralized applications and digital assets.

A crypto debit card allows users to spend their cryptocurrencies in the same way they would use a traditional debit card. These cards are linked to a crypto wallet and can be used at merchants that accept debit card payments.

A crypto token is a digital asset that represents ownership or access rights to a particular asset or service. Tokens are often issued on existing blockchains and can represent anything from a stake in a company to a utility within a decentralized application.

Crypto Winter refers to a prolonged period of bearish market conditions in the cryptocurrency industry, characterized by significant declines in asset prices and reduced market activity.

CryptoPunks are an iconic NFT collection of 10,000 unique pixel art characters on the Ethereum blockchain, created by Larva Labs in 2017. They are highly coveted as one of the earliest and most influential NFT projects in the space.

Cryptography is the practice of securing information through the use of codes and ciphers. It is a fundamental technology behind cryptocurrencies, ensuring the privacy, integrity, and authenticity of transactions and data. Cryptographic techniques are used to create public and private keys, digital signatures, and encryption protocols.

A custodial wallet is a type of crypto wallet where a third party, such as an exchange, holds and manages the user's private keys. The custodian provides security and convenience but also has control over the user's assets. Custodial wallets are often used by beginners.

A custodian in the cryptocurrency space is an entity that holds and manages digital assets on behalf of clients. They play a crucial role in institutional investment and help ensure the safekeeping of large amounts of cryptocurrency.

A cypherpunk is an advocate for the widespread use of cryptography and privacy-enhancing technologies as a means to achieve social and political change. The movement originated in the late 1980s and early 1990s, focusing on the importance of individual privacy and the potential of cryptography to protect it.

DAI is a decentralized stablecoin on the Ethereum blockchain, pegged to the U.S. dollar and backed by various cryptocurrencies as collateral. It is managed by the MakerDAO protocol, allowing users to borrow DAI by locking up collateral in smart contracts.

A DAO, or Decentralized Autonomous Organization, is an organization represented by rules encoded as a computer program that is transparent, controlled by organization members, and not influenced by a central government. DAOs operate on blockchain technology, and their governance is decentralized, allowing stakeholders to vote on key decisions.

DYOR stands for "Do Your Own Research." It is a common phrase in the cryptocurrency community, encouraging individuals to thoroughly research and understand a project before investing in it. DYOR emphasizes the importance of due diligence and critical thinking to avoid falling for scams or making uninformed decisions.

Day trading is a strategy that involves buying and selling financial instruments, such as cryptocurrencies, within the same trading day. Day traders typically use technical analysis and charts to make quick decisions. This high-risk, high-reward strategy requires constant monitoring and quick reactions.

DePin, or Decentralized Physical Infrastructure Networks, refers to blockchain-powered networks that coordinate and incentivize the deployment and usage of physical infrastructure like IoT devices, wireless networks, or energy grids through decentralized protocols.

A death cross is a technical analysis chart pattern indicating a potential major sell-off, occurring when a short-term moving average crosses below a long-term moving average. It is often seen as a bearish signal in the crypto markets.

Decentraland is a decentralized virtual reality platform on the Ethereum blockchain where users can buy, develop, and sell virtual land and assets. It operates as a fully immersive digital world powered by cryptocurrency and NFTs.

Decentralized refers to a system or organization where control and decision-making are distributed rather than being centralized in a single entity. In the context of blockchain, decentralization means that no single party has control over the entire network.

A decentralized exchange (DEX) is a cryptocurrency exchange that operates without a central authority. Instead, trades are executed directly between users through smart contracts on a blockchain. DEXs offer greater privacy and security compared to centralized exchanges but may have lower liquidity and higher complexity for users.

Decentralized Finance, or DeFi, refers to a broad range of financial services and products that are built on blockchain technology. DeFi aims to replicate and improve traditional financial systems without intermediaries, offering services like lending, borrowing, trading, and insurance.

The term decoy in Monero transaction refers to an output that does not belong solely to the spender of the transaction and is selected pseudo-randomly from the transactions on the blockchain to act as a mix-in to prevent the true sender from being known.

A DeFi aggregator is a platform that consolidates and optimizes the use of various decentralized finance (DeFi) protocols, allowing users to access the best rates and services across multiple platforms in one interface.

In the cryptocurrency space, deflation can occur when the supply of a cryptocurrency decreases over time, either through token burns or capped supplies. Deflationary tokens are designed to become more scarce and potentially increase in value.

In Ethereum, this call type is used to call another contract function and borrow the functionality of the contract.

Delegated Proof-of-Stake (DPoS) is a consensus mechanism used by some blockchain networks. In DPoS, token holders vote for a small number of delegates who are responsible for validating transactions and maintaining the blockchain.

The Dencun Upgrade refers to an anticipated set of upgrades for the Ethereum blockchain, combining the "Deneb" consensus layer changes and the "Cancun" execution layer updates to improve scalability, security, and functionality.

A Denial-of-Service (DoS) attack is an attempt to make a blockchain network unavailable to its intended users by overwhelming it with a flood of illegitimate requests. In the cryptocurrency space, DoS attacks can target exchanges, wallets, or blockchain networks, causing disruptions and potential financial losses.

A derivative is a financial contract whose value is derived from the performance of an underlying asset, such as stocks, bonds, commodities, or cryptocurrencies. In the crypto market, derivatives are used for hedging, speculation, and gaining exposure to asset prices without owning the underlying asset.

A desktop wallet is a software application installed on a computer that allows users to store, manage, and transact with their cryptocurrencies securely. These wallets offer private key control and are accessible only from the device on which they are installed.

A deterministic wallet is a type of cryptocurrency wallet that generates a hierarchy of private and public keys from a single seed phrase. This allows users to back up and restore their wallet using just the seed phrase. Deterministic wallets are more convenient than traditional wallets because they don't require multiple backups for each key.

"Diamond Hands" is a slang used in the crypto community to describe an investor who holds onto their assets despite market volatility, often implying a high level of conviction in the asset's long-term value.

In blockchain mining, difficulty refers to the measure of how hard it is to find a new block compared to the easiest it can ever be. The difficulty level adjusts periodically based on the total computational power of the network, ensuring that blocks are mined at a consistent rate. Higher difficulty means more computational power is required to mine new blocks.

The difficulty target in blockchain networks like Bitcoin refers to the measure of how hard it is to find a new block or solve the cryptographic puzzle required to add a block to the blockchain. It adjusts periodically to ensure a consistent block time, despite changes in the total hashing power of the network.

Digital art is artwork created often in the form of NFTs (non-fungible tokens), which are used to verify ownership and provenance on the blockchain. It has become a popular medium in the crypto world for artists and collectors alike.

A digital asset is any asset that exists in digital form and can be owned or transferred through blockchain networks. In the context of blockchain and cryptocurrencies, digital assets include cryptocurrencies, tokens, and digital representations of real-world assets.

Digital currency is a form of money that exists only in digital or electronic form. Unlike physical currencies, digital currencies do not have a tangible form and are typically stored and transacted electronically.

Digital identity refers to the online representation of an individual, organization, or device. It is used to authenticate and verify the identity of a person or entity in digital interactions. In the blockchain space, digital identities can be managed through decentralized systems, providing greater privacy and control over personal data.

A digital signature is a cryptographic method used to verify the authenticity and integrity of digital data. It involves using a private key to sign a message, creating a unique signature that can be verified with the corresponding public key. Digital signatures are commonly used in blockchain transactions to prove ownership and authorize actions.

A dip refers to a temporary decline in the price of a cryptocurrency, often seen as a buying opportunity by traders and investors. It represents a short-term decrease in an asset's value within a longer-term upward trend.

A Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG) is a data structure used in some blockchain-like systems to record transactions. Unlike traditional blockchains, DAGs do not use blocks; instead, each transaction references one or more previous transactions. DAG-based systems aim to improve scalability and reduce transaction fees by eliminating the need for miners and blocks.

A Distributed Hash Table (DHT) is a decentralized data structure used to store and retrieve key-value pairs efficiently across a distributed network, often utilized in peer-to-peer networks like BitTorrent and some blockchain protocols.

A distributed ledger is a database that is consensually shared and synchronized across multiple sites, institutions, or geographies. It allows transactions to have public witnesses, ensuring transparency and security. Blockchains are a type of distributed ledger that uses cryptographic protocols to verify and secure data.

In technical analysis, divergence occurs when the price of an asset moves in the opposite direction of an indicator, such as a moving average or oscillator. Divergences can signal potential reversals in the asset's price trend. There are two types of divergence: bullish (price moves down while indicator moves up) and bearish (price moves up while indicator moves down).

Dogecoin is a cryptocurrency that started as a meme-based joke featuring the Shiba Inu dog but has since gained a large community and significant market value. It operates on its own blockchain and is known for its active and charitable community.

Double spending is the risk that a digital currency can be spent twice. It occurs when the same cryptocurrency is sent to two different recipients simultaneously. Blockchain technology prevents double spending by ensuring that each transaction is recorded on a public ledger and validated by the network, making it impossible to alter or replicate transactions.

A dump in the crypto market refers to the rapid selling off of a large quantity of a particular cryptocurrency, leading to a sharp decline in its price. This term is often associated with "pump and dump" schemes.

Dune Analytics is a platform that allows users to explore, analyze, and visualize blockchain data, particularly on Ethereum, through community-driven dashboards and queries. It is widely used for generating insights and tracking DeFi activity.

Dust refers to tiny amounts of cryptocurrency that are smaller than the minimum transaction fee. These small amounts are often left over from transactions and are not worth spending. In the context of a wallet, dust can accumulate over time, and some services offer "dust consolidation" to combine these small amounts into a usable balance.

A dApp, or decentralized application, is an application that runs on a decentralized network, such as a blockchain, rather than a centralized server. dApps operate autonomously, typically using smart contracts to execute functions and transactions. They offer benefits like transparency, censorship resistance, and trustless interactions, making them popular in areas like finance, gaming, and supply chain management.

ECDSA stands for Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm. It is a cryptographic algorithm used by many cryptocurrencies, including Bitcoin, to ensure the authenticity and integrity of transactions. It is based on elliptic curve cryptography and provides a high level of security with relatively small key sizes.

Ethereum Improvement Proposals (EIPs) are technical proposal documents that provide information or propose changes to the Ethereum protocol. EIPs contain technical specifications and rationale for the changes, and they go through a review process before implementation.

EIP-1559 is an Ethereum Improvement Proposal that introduced a new fee structure for transactions, including a base fee that is burned, aiming to improve transaction predictability and reduce inflation by reducing the overall supply of ETH. It was implemented as part of the London Hard Fork in August 2021.

ENS stands for Ethereum Name Service. It is a decentralized domain name service on the Ethereum blockchain that maps human-readable names, like "vitalik.eth," to machine-readable identifiers, such as Ethereum addresses, content hashes, or metadata. It simplifies the process of sending and receiving crypto assets by using names instead of long addresses.

ERC-1155 is a standard for creating both fungible and non-fungible tokens (NFTs) on the Ethereum blockchain, allowing multiple types of assets to be managed within a single smart contract. This standard is efficient for games and digital collectibles.

ERC-20 is a technical standard used for smart contracts on the Ethereum blockchain. It defines a set of rules and functions that Ethereum tokens must follow, ensuring compatibility and interoperability within the Ethereum ecosystem. ERC-20 tokens are widely used for initial coin offerings (ICOs) and various decentralized applications (dApps).

ERC-223 is an Ethereum token standard designed to improve upon ERC-20 by preventing accidental loss of tokens when sent to a contract that doesn't support them, allowing contracts to handle incoming token transfers properly. It provides better security and functionality for token transactions.

ERC-721 is a standard for non-fungible tokens (NFTs) on the Ethereum blockchain. Unlike ERC-20 tokens, ERC-721 tokens are unique and cannot be exchanged on a one-to-one basis. They are used to represent ownership of digital assets, such as art, collectibles, and real estate, in a verifiable and secure way.

ERC-7512 is an audit standard used to represent smart contract audits onchain. Through this way, exact information about the audits can be verified by anyone programmatically thereby improving trust and transparency on a specific smart contract.

ERC-777 is a token standard on the Ethereum blockchain that extends the capabilities of ERC-20. It introduces advanced features like operator-based transactions and backward compatibility with ERC-20. ERC-777 aims to improve the efficiency and security of token transfers while providing greater flexibility for developers.

ERC-827 is an Ethereum token standard that extends ERC-20 by allowing tokens to be approved and transferred by a third party on behalf of the owner, increasing the flexibility of how tokens can be managed and transferred.

ERC-884 is a proposed Ethereum standard that allows for the creation of Ethereum-based tokens representing shares in a Delaware corporation, ensuring compliance with U.S. regulations. This standard is designed for tokenized equity and securities.

ERC-948 is a proposed Ethereum standard for subscription-based services, allowing recurring payments to be made through smart contracts. It automates and simplifies the process of handling subscriptions on the blockchain.

ERC-948 is a proposed Ethereum standard for subscription-based services, allowing recurring payments to be made through smart contracts. It automates and simplifies the process of handling subscriptions on the blockchain.

An Exchange Traded Fund is a type of investment fund traded on stock exchanges, much like stocks, that holds assets such as stocks, commodities, or cryptocurrencies. In the crypto context, a Bitcoin or Ethereum ETF would allow traditional investors to gain exposure to these assets without directly holding them.

An early adopter is an individual or organization that begins using a new technology or product before it becomes widely accepted. In the cryptocurrency space, early adopters are often the first to invest in new coins, participate in initial coin offerings (ICOs), or use new blockchain platforms.

An eclipse attack is a type of cyberattack where an attacker isolates a node in a blockchain network, controlling all its incoming and outgoing connections. By doing so, the attacker can manipulate the node's view of the network, potentially causing it to accept invalid transactions or block data.

Electrum is a lightweight Bitcoin wallet known for its speed and low resource usage, which connects to decentralized nodes rather than downloading the entire blockchain. It provides advanced features like cold storage, multisig, and hardware wallet support.

Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) is a type of public-key cryptography based on the algebraic structure of elliptic curves over finite fields. ECC is widely used in cryptocurrencies for secure key generation, digital signatures, and encryption.

Encryption is the process of converting plaintext data into a coded format, called ciphertext, to prevent unauthorized access. In cryptocurrencies, encryption is used to secure transactions, communications, and personal information.

The Enterprise Ethereum Alliance (EEA) is a group of organizations working together to develop standards and technologies for the use of Ethereum in enterprise settings. The EEA aims to foster collaboration between companies and the Ethereum community, promoting the adoption of Ethereum blockchain in business applications.

In the context of cryptography and blockchain, entropy refers to the randomness collected by a system to generate cryptographic keys, ensuring they are unpredictable and secure. High entropy is crucial for the security of private keys and wallets.

An epoch is a fixed period used in blockchain protocols, such as Ethereum or Cardano, to group a set of blocks or transactions for validation and processing. In Ethereum 2.0, epochs are periods during which validators propose and attest to blocks within the Beacon Chain.

Escrow is a financial arrangement where a third party holds and regulates payment of funds required for two parties involved in a transaction. In the cryptocurrency space, escrow services are often used to secure transactions, ensuring that both parties fulfill their obligations before the funds are released.

Ethash is the proof-of-work (PoW) hashing algorithm used by Ethereum before its transition to proof-of-stake (PoS) in Ethereum 2.0. It is designed to be memory-intensive, making it resistant to ASIC mining, thereby encouraging more decentralized mining.

Ether (ETH) is the native cryptocurrency of the Ethereum blockchain. It is used to pay for transaction fees and computational services on the network. ETH also serves as a store of value and a medium of exchange within the Ethereum ecosystem, supporting decentralized applications (dApps) and smart contracts.

Ethereum is an open-source blockchain platform that enables developers to build and deploy decentralized applications (dApps). It introduced the concept of smart contracts, which are self-executing contracts with the terms directly written into code. Ethereum's native cryptocurrency, Ether (ETH), is used to pay for computational resources on the network.

Ethereum 2.0, also known as Eth2 or Serenity, is the major upgrade to the Ethereum blockchain, transitioning it from proof-of-work (PoW) to proof-of-stake (PoS) to improve scalability, security, and sustainability. It includes key features such as the Beacon Chain, sharding, and staking.

Ethereum Classic (ETC) is a fork of the Ethereum blockchain that emerged after a disagreement over a hard fork following the DAO hack in 2016. ETC maintains the original Ethereum blockchain without altering the transaction history. It supports smart contracts and decentralized applications, similar to Ethereum, but operates under a different philosophy.

ERC stands for Ethereum Request for Comment, a process by which standards for Ethereum smart contracts and tokens are proposed, reviewed, and adopted by the developer community. ERC standards, such as ERC-20 and ERC-721, define how tokens and smart contracts should operate on the Ethereum network.

The EVM is the runtime environment for smart contracts on the Ethereum blockchain, responsible for executing code, handling transactions, and maintaining the network’s state. It enables the deployment and execution of decentralized applications (dApps) in a secure and consistent manner across the network.

Etherscan is a popular blockchain explorer and analytics platform for Ethereum, allowing users to search and view transaction histories, wallet balances, smart contracts, and other blockchain data. It serves as a transparent and user-friendly interface for interacting with the Ethereum blockchain.

Ethplorer is a blockchain explorer and analytics platform for Ethereum-based tokens, providing detailed information on token transactions, holders, and smart contracts. It is particularly useful for tracking and analyzing ERC-20 and ERC-721 tokens.

In Ethereum, events are a feature of smart contracts that allow them to log certain actions or changes in state, which can then be indexed and queried by decentralized applications (dApps) or users. Events provide an efficient way to track and respond to specific contract interactions on the blockchain.

A cryptocurrency exchange is a platform that allows users to buy, sell, and trade digital assets. Exchanges can be centralized (CEX), where a central authority manages the platform, or decentralized (DEX), where transactions occur directly between users without intermediaries.

An exit scam in crypto refers to a fraudulent scheme where the creators of a cryptocurrency project, exchange, or initial coin offering (ICO) abruptly disappear after collecting funds from investors, leaving them with worthless assets. This typically involves shutting down the platform and absconding with the investors' money, often without any warning or recourse.

FOMO, or "Fear of Missing Out," is a psychological phenomenon in the crypto space where investors feel pressure to buy into a rapidly rising asset out of fear of missing potential gains. It often leads to impulsive buying decisions based on market hype.

FTX was a cryptocurrency exchange known for offering a wide range of trading products, including derivatives, options, and leveraged tokens, before its collapse in 2022. The platform was widely used by traders for its innovative features and liquidity until its downfall due to financial mismanagement.

FUD stands for Fear, Uncertainty, and Doubt. It refers to negative or misleading information spread to create fear and uncertainty, often leading to a decline in asset prices.

A FUDster is someone who spreads Fear, Uncertainty, and Doubt (FUD) within the crypto community, often to manipulate market sentiment or drive down the price of a particular asset.

A Fan Token is a type of cryptocurrency that allows fans of sports teams, clubs, or artists to participate in exclusive content, voting, and rewards, typically offered by the issuing organization. These tokens create a new way for fans to engage with their favorite teams or celebrities.

Fantom is a high-performance, scalable, and secure smart contract platform designed for DeFi, crypto dApps, and enterprise applications. It uses a directed acyclic graph (DAG) consensus mechanism called Lachesis, which enables fast transaction processing with low fees.

A cryptocurrency faucet is a website or app that gives away small amounts of cryptocurrency for free. Faucets are often used to introduce new users to cryptocurrencies, allowing them to learn how transactions work without significant financial risk.

Fiat currency is government-issued money that is not backed by a physical commodity, such as gold or silver. Its value is derived from the trust and authority of the issuing government. Fiat currencies are used as legal tender for transactions and are a key component of the global financial system.

Filecoin is a decentralized storage network that allows users to rent out unused storage space and provides a marketplace for data storage, built on blockchain technology. It incentivizes participants with FIL tokens for storing, retrieving, and distributing data.

Finality in blockchain refers to the point at which a transaction is considered irreversible and cannot be altered or canceled. Different blockchains achieve finality through various mechanisms, such as proof-of-work (PoW), proof-of-stake (PoS), or Byzantine fault tolerance (BFT).

A finney is a denomination of Ether (ETH), the native cryptocurrency of the Ethereum blockchain. One finney is equal to 0.001 ETH. The term is named after Hal Finney, a renowned computer scientist and early Bitcoin contributor.

In the crypto world, "Fish" is a slang term referring to small or individual investors who hold relatively modest amounts of cryptocurrency, as opposed to "Whales" who hold large quantities. Fish are often contrasted with larger players in the market, who have more influence over price movements.

Flappening refers to the event where the market capitalization of Litecoin (LTC) surpasses that of Bitcoin Cash (BCH). The term is a play on "flippening," a broader concept referring to any situation where one cryptocurrency overtakes another in market cap.

A flash crash is a sudden and severe drop in the price of a cryptocurrency or asset within a very short time frame, often followed by a quick recovery. These events are typically caused by large sell orders, algorithmic trading errors, or low liquidity.

A flash loan is a type of uncollateralized loan in decentralized finance (DeFi) that allows users to borrow assets without providing collateral, provided that the loan is repaid within the same transaction block. They rely on smart contracts to ensure repayment, making them secure yet risky.

Flippening is a term used to describe the potential or actual event where one cryptocurrency surpasses another in terms of market capitalization, transaction volume, or another key metric. The term is most commonly used in the context of Ethereum potentially overtaking Bitcoin as the largest cryptocurrency by market cap.

Floor is a mobile app designed to provide users with real-time insights and management tools for their NFT portfolios, including tracking market trends and floor prices across various collections. It aims to simplify NFT market engagement for collectors and investors.

The floor price in the NFT market refers to the lowest price at which an NFT within a particular collection is currently listed for sale. It serves as an indicator of the minimum value of an asset in a given NFT collection.

Fluffy Blocks are blocks that contain only the Block Header in the Monero blockchain rather than the entire list of transactions within a particular block. This feature helps conserve network bandwidth, as nodes are already aware of the transactions included in the block.

A fork in blockchain occurs when a blockchain splits into two separate chains due to differences in protocol or rules. Forks can be hard or soft, depending on whether they are backward-compatible. Hard forks result in two distinct blockchains and often lead to the creation of a new cryptocurrency while Soft forks are upgrades that are compatible with the existing blockchain.

A Franken Address in the Cardano blockchain refers to a type of address that are created by combining staking part and payment part of different addresses. These addresses can help users to differential between staking rewards in a separate wallet thereby maintaining privacy.

"Fren" is a playful term derived from "friend," commonly used in crypto communities to refer to fellow enthusiasts or supporters in a light-hearted and camaraderie-focused manner.

Frontier was the initial phase of the Ethereum network, launched in July 2015, marking the beginning of Ethereum's blockchain and enabling developers to deploy smart contracts and decentralized applications (dApps) for the first time. It was a foundational step in Ethereum's evolution, setting the stage for subsequent upgrades.

A full node in a blockchain network is a computer that stores the entire blockchain and participates in the validation and relay of transactions. Full nodes ensure the accuracy and security of the blockchain by independently verifying transactions and blocks.

Smart Contract language used on TON Network

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Fungibility is a property of an asset that allows it to be exchanged for another asset of the same type and value. In the context of cryptocurrencies, fungible tokens can be traded one-to-one without any loss of value.

Fusion Rollups refer to a type of layer 2 scaling solution that combines elements of both Optimistic and Zero-Knowledge (ZK) rollups to improve transaction throughput and security on a blockchain. These rollups aim to optimize scalability while maintaining a high level of trust and efficiency.

A futures contract is a financial derivative that obligates the buyer to purchase, and the seller to sell, an asset at a predetermined price and date in the future. In the cryptocurrency market, futures contracts allow traders to speculate on the future price of digital assets. They can be used for hedging or speculative purposes and are traded on various exchanges.

In crypto communities, "GM" stands for "Good Morning" and is often used as a friendly greeting among users to foster positivity and engagement. It has become part of the culture in online crypto discussions, especially on platforms like X and Discord.

GMI stands for "Gonna Make It," a slang term used in the crypto community to express optimism about an investment or project. It contrasts with NGMI, which means "Not Gonna Make It."

GPU mining involves using graphics processing units (GPUs) to mine cryptocurrencies. GPUs are well-suited for mining because they can handle the repetitive calculations required to solve complex mathematical problems, securing the blockchain network.

GameFi is a combination of gaming and decentralized finance (DeFi), allowing players to earn cryptocurrency rewards through gameplay, often referred to as "play-to-earn." GameFi ecosystems integrate NFTs and blockchain technology, enabling in-game assets to have real-world value.

Ganache is a personal blockchain for Ethereum development used specifically by developers to simulate a blockchain locally in the computer. It allows the developers to deploy contracts, run tests, and perform various operations in a controlled development environment.

Gas is a unit of measurement for computational work on the Ethereum blockchain. It is used to calculate the fees required to execute transactions and smart contracts. Gas fees are paid in Ether (ETH) and incentivize miners to process and validate transactions.

The gas limit is the maximum amount of gas a user is willing to pay for a transaction on the Ethereum network. It determines the maximum computational work that can be performed for the transaction.

Gas price is the amount of Ether (ETH) a user is willing to pay per unit of gas to execute a transaction on the Ethereum network. Higher gas prices can expedite transaction processing, while lower gas prices may result in slower confirmation times.

Gavin Wood is the co-founder of Ethereum and the creator of the Polkadot blockchain, a platform designed for interoperability between different blockchains. He also developed the Ethereum programming language Solidity, which is used for writing smart contracts.

Gemini is a U.S.based cryptocurrency exchange founded by Cameron and Tyler Winklevoss. It provides services for buying, selling, and storing digital assets while adhering to regulatory standards in the United States.

In cryptocurrency, "gems" refer to undervalued or undiscovered tokens that have the potential to increase in value. They are often sought by investors looking for high-reward opportunities in the crypto market.

The genesis block is the first block of a blockchain. It serves as the foundation for all subsequent blocks and is hardcoded into the blockchain software. The genesis block contains unique data and is the starting point for the blockchain's transaction history.

Geth, short for Go-Ethereum, is one of the most popular Ethereum clients, written in the Go programming language. It allows developers and users to interact with the Ethereum blockchain, deploy contracts, and manage accounts.

Glassnode is an on-chain analytics platform that provides real-time data and metrics for various blockchain networks. It is widely used by traders and analysts to track network activity, user behavior, and market trends.

The Goguen era in Cardano’s roadmap refers to the third phase of development that introduces smart contract functionality to the network. This enables developers to create decentralized applications (dApps) on the Cardano blockchain.

A Golden Cross is a bullish technical analysis indicator that occurs when a short-term moving average crosses above a long-term moving average, signaling the potential for a price increase. It is typically seen as a positive sign in trading.

A governance token is a type of cryptocurrency that grants holders the right to participate in the decision-making process of a blockchain network or decentralized application (dApp). Governance tokens enable decentralized governance by allowing holders to vote on proposals, changes to the protocol, and other key decisions.

"Goxxed" is a slang term that originated from the collapse of the Mt. Gox exchange in 2014, where users lost significant amounts of Bitcoin. It has since become synonymous with losing funds due to exchange hacks or failures.

Gwei is a denomination of Ether (ETH), the native cryptocurrency of the Ethereum network and one Gwei is equal to one billionth of an ETH (0.000000001 ETH). Gwei is commonly used to specify gas prices in Ethereum transactions, making it easier to express and understand the cost of computational work.

HODL is a term derived from a misspelling of the word "hold." It refers to a strategy of holding onto a cryptocurrency for a long period, regardless of market volatility or price fluctuations.

HTX is the rebranded name for Huobi, a major cryptocurrency exchange platform. It provides services such as spot and derivatives trading, staking, and lending for digital assets.

Hal Finney was a pioneering cryptographer and one of the first adopters of Bitcoin. He is known for receiving the first-ever Bitcoin transaction from Satoshi Nakamoto and for his work on PGP (Pretty Good Privacy).

A halving is an event in a cryptocurrency's lifecycle where the block reward is reduced by half. Halvings are built into the protocol of certain cryptocurrencies, such as Bitcoin, and occur at regular intervals. The purpose of halving is to control inflation and reduce the rate at which new coins are created, often leading to scarcity and potential price increases.

A hard cap is the maximum amount of funds that can be raised during a cryptocurrency token sale or initial coin offering (ICO). Once the hard cap is reached, no more tokens will be sold, regardless of demand.

A hard fork is a significant change to a blockchain's protocol that is not backward-compatible. This means that nodes running the old version of the software will not be able to validate blocks created by nodes running the new version. Hard forks often result in the creation of a new blockchain and cryptocurrency, as was the case with Bitcoin and Bitcoin Cash.

A hardware wallet is a physical device used to securely store cryptocurrency private keys offline. Hardware wallets provide the highest level of security by keeping the keys away from internet-connected devices, reducing the risk of hacking.

A hash is a fixed-size alphanumeric string generated from input data using a cryptographic hashing algorithm. In blockchain technology, hashes are used to secure data, verify transactions, and maintain the integrity of the blockchain.

A hash function is a mathematical algorithm that converts input data of any size into a fixed-size string of characters. The output, known as a hash, is unique to the input data. Hash functions are used in cryptography for secure data storage, digital signatures, and blockchain technology.

Hash power, is the computational power used by a cryptocurrency mining network to solve complex mathematical puzzles. It is measured in hashes per second (H/s) and indicates the number of calculations a network can perform per second.

Hash rate is a measure of the processing power of a cryptocurrency mining network. It represents the number of hash computations performed per second. A higher hash rate increases the chances of finding the next block and receiving the associated rewards.

HTLC is a smart contract used in atomic swaps, allowing users to securely exchange cryptocurrencies across different blockchains without the need for a trusted third party. It uses hash functions and time-locks to ensure both parties receive their assets.

An HD wallet is a type of cryptocurrency wallet that generates a hierarchy of private and public keys from a single seed phrase. HD wallets allow users to create multiple accounts and addresses from one seed, simplifying backup and recovery.

The Homestead upgrade was Ethereum’s first major network upgrade and second development stage, which improved the stability and security of the blockchain. It marked Ethereum's transition from its initial experimental phase to a more mature, stable platform.

Honeyminer is a cryptocurrency mining software that allows users to mine multiple cryptocurrencies using their computer's GPU and CPU power. It pools resources from multiple users to mine more efficiently and rewards users with cryptocurrency.

A hot wallet is a type of cryptocurrency wallet that is connected to the internet. Hot wallets are convenient for quick access to funds and are often used for daily transactions. However, they are more vulnerable to hacking and cyberattacks compared to cold wallets, which are offline.

Huobi BTC (HBTC) is a wrapped version of Bitcoin issued by the Huobi exchange, backed 1:1 by Bitcoin reserves. It allows Bitcoin to be used within the Ethereum ecosystem for decentralized applications and DeFi protocols.

Hydra is a layer-2 scaling solution for the Cardano blockchain designed to improve throughput and reduce latency for decentralized applications. It aims to increase the network's capacity to handle high volumes of transactions efficiently by reducing storage requirements.

Hyperledger is an open-source collaborative project hosted by the Linux Foundation. It focuses on developing enterprise-grade blockchain frameworks and tools for various industries. It includes projects like Hyperledger Fabric, Hyperledger Sawtooth, and Hyperledger Besu.

The InterPlanetary File System (IPFS) is a peer-to-peer protocol for storing and sharing data in a distributed file system. It allows users to host and access files from multiple locations, making it more resilient and efficient than traditional centralized systems. IPFS is used in blockchain projects for decentralized storage and content distribution.

Illuvium is an open-world fantasy battle game built on the Ethereum blockchain, using NFTs for in-game assets. Players can capture creatures called Illuvials and use them in battles, with rewards being tied to blockchain-based ownership.

In the context of blockchain technology, immutability refers to the characteristic that data, once written, cannot be altered or deleted. This feature ensures the integrity and security of the blockchain, as every transaction is permanently recorded and cannot be tampered with.

Impermanent loss occurs when the value of assets in a liquidity pool diverges from their value if held outside the pool. It is a temporary loss experienced by liquidity providers in automated market makers (AMMs) when the price of the assets changes compared to the initial deposit.

Inflation is the rate at which the general level of prices for goods and services rises, eroding purchasing power. In the context of cryptocurrencies, inflation can occur through the issuance of new tokens or coins, increasing the total supply. Some cryptocurrencies have built-in mechanisms to control inflation, such as token burns or capped supplies.

Infura is an infrastructure platform that provides developers with access to Ethereum and IPFS networks without running a full node. It allows dApps to interact with the Ethereum blockchain via its API service.

An Initial Coin Offering (ICO) is a fundraising mechanism in which a project sells tokens to investors to raise capital for development. It is similar to an IPO in traditional finance but involves the sale of cryptocurrencies or tokens.

An Initial Exchange Offering (IEO) is a fundraising event where a cryptocurrency exchange acts as the intermediary, facilitating the sale of tokens for a blockchain project. Unlike ICOs, where projects handle their own sales, IEOs are conducted on a trusted exchange platform, which provides additional security and vetting for investors.

An Initial Public Offering (IPO) is the process by which a private company offers shares to the public for the first time, allowing it to raise capital from public investors. IPOs are heavily regulated and require thorough financial disclosure. In the crypto space, IPOs differ from ICOs and IEOs, which involve token sales rather than shares.

Injective is a decentralized blockchain protocol that enables developers to build fast, secure, and fully decentralized trading platform for derivatives, futures, and spot markets.

In the context of cryptocurrency transactions, an input refers to the source of funds used in the transaction. Inputs are typically previous transaction outputs that the sender uses to create a new transaction.

Instamine refers to the rapid mining of a large number of coins or tokens shortly after a cryptocurrency's launch, often before the public has the chance to participate. It can lead to centralization and controversy in the community.

Instant settlement refers to the immediate completion of a financial transaction, with the transfer of assets occurring almost simultaneously with the transaction's execution. In the cryptocurrency space, instant settlement is facilitated by blockchain technology, which can confirm and finalize transactions quickly without the need for intermediaries.

IBC is a protocol that enables different blockchains to communicate and transfer tokens or data between each other. It is primarily used in the Cosmos ecosystem to allow interoperability among its connected blockchains.

The Internet Computer is a blockchain platform developed by the DFINITY Foundation that aims to decentralize the internet by allowing developers to build scalable, secure applications that run entirely on a decentralized network.

Interoperability in blockchain refers to the ability of different blockchain networks to communicate, share data, and interact with each other. Interoperable blockchains enable seamless transfers of assets and information across multiple platforms, enhancing the functionality and scalability of the decentralized ecosystem.

JOMO stands for the "Joy of Missing Out." It is the opposite of FOMO (Fear of Missing Out) and refers to the feeling of contentment with one's current situation, without worrying about missing out on opportunities.

A Jager is the smallest denomination of BNB (Binance Coin), similar to Satoshi in Bitcoin and Wei in Ethereum. One BNB equals 100,000,000 Jagers.

Jupiter is a swap aggregator platform for Solana Blockchain where traders can swap cryptocurrencies on Solana.

KYC stands for "Know Your Customer," a regulatory requirement for financial institutions to verify the identity of their clients. In the cryptocurrency space, KYC procedures are used by exchanges and other service providers to prevent money laundering, fraud, and other illicit activities.

Kademlia is a distributed hash table (DHT) protocol used by the Harmony blockchain for efficient routing of data across its network. It helps nodes find and share data in a decentralized manner with minimal latency.

Kava is a DeFi platform built on the Cosmos blockchain that provides cross-chain liquidity for various cryptocurrencies. It offers services such as lending, borrowing, and staking, with support for assets from Bitcoin, Ethereum, and more.

Keccak-256 is a cryptographic hashing algorithm used in Ethereum to generate unique, fixed-size outputs from variable-length input data. It serves as the basis for Ethereum’s address generation and data integrity.

Keepkey is a hardware wallet designed to securely store cryptocurrencies offline. It supports multiple assets like Bitcoin, Ethereum, and Litecoin, providing cold storage to protect funds from hacking.

Keosd is a key management service used by EOSIO blockchains for handling private keys and signing transactions.

A KDF is a cryptographic function used to derive secure cryptographic keys from a password or passphrase. It is designed to make brute-force attacks computationally expensive, enhancing password security.

A keystore is a file or database that stores encrypted private keys used for accessing cryptocurrencies. It protects the keys with a password, making it essential for secure blockchain transactions.

Kialaras are a brand of physical, collectible Bitcoin wallet made of metal, designed to store Bitcoin securely in a tamper-proof manner. It is valued for its artistic craftsmanship as well as its functionality as a cold storage wallet.

Kraken is a U.S.-based cryptocurrency exchange offering a wide range of services, including spot trading, futures, staking, and margin trading. It is one of the most well-established and regulated exchanges in the crypto space

KuCoin is a global cryptocurrency exchange known for offering a wide variety of digital assets, including many smaller altcoins. It provides spot trading, futures, staking, and lending services and has gained popularity for its low fees and wide market access.

Kyber Network is a decentralized liquidity protocol that allows users to trade and swap cryptocurrencies directly on-chain. It plays a key role in enabling token swaps across various DeFi applications without needing intermediaries.

LAND is a virtual real estate token in The Sandbox, a decentralized metaverse where users can create, own, and monetize virtual experiences. Each piece of LAND is an ERC-721 NFT on the Ethereum blockchain, representing a plot of digital land.

LFG stands for "Let’s Fucking Go" and is commonly used in the crypto community to express enthusiasm and excitement about market moves or new project launches. It's a signaling support for a bullish trend.

Lachesis is the asynchronous Byzantine Fault Tolerant (aBFT) consensus algorithm used by the Fantom blockchain to achieve scalability, security, and decentralization. It allows for faster transactions with lower latency and no need for validators to reach consensus at the same time.

"Lambo" is slang in the cryptocurrency community, short for Lamborghini. It symbolizes wealth and success and is often used to describe the potential financial gains from investing in cryptocurrencies.

Lamport is the smallest unit of Solana. 1 Lamport is equivalent to 0.000000001 SOL.

Larva Labs is the creator of CryptoPunks, one of the first major NFT collections on the Ethereum blockchain, and other notable projects like Meebits. Their work has contributed significantly to the popularity of NFTs and the digital art movement in blockchain.

Laser eyes is a popular meme in the cryptocurrency community, symbolizing bullishness and strong conviction in Bitcoin's growth. It’s often used by influencers and crypto enthusiasts to signal support for Bitcoin.

Latency refers to the time it takes for data to travel from one point to another in a network. In the context of blockchain, latency can affect transaction confirmation times and the overall speed of the network. Lower latency is desirable for faster and more efficient transactions, especially in high-frequency trading and real-time applications.

Layer 0 refers to the foundational infrastructure of a blockchain, such as protocols that support the transfer of data between different blockchains. It underpins Layer 1 blockchains (like Bitcoin and Ethereum), enabling interoperability and communication across networks.

Layer 1 refers to the base layer of a blockchain architecture, also known as the mainnet or primary chain. It includes the fundamental protocol rules, consensus mechanism, and core network functionality. Examples of Layer 1 blockchains include Bitcoin, Ethereum, and Binance Smart Chain.

Layer 2 solutions are protocols built on top of Layer 1 blockchains to enhance their performance and scalability. These solutions include sidechains, state channels, and rollups, which help offload transactions from the main chain.

A leaf node is the final node in a Merkle tree, containing the actual data or transaction that has been hashed. Leaf nodes are crucial in verifying data integrity and ensuring that the blockchain remains secure and tamper-resistant.

A ledger is a record-keeping system that tracks transactions and balances. In the context of blockchain, a distributed ledger is a decentralized database maintained across multiple nodes. It ensures transparency, security, and immutability of data, as all transactions are publicly recorded and cannot be altered retroactively.

Ledger is a Hardware Wallet designed by French Crypto giant Ledger. There are multiple variants of Ledger each serving a specific purpose such as Ledger Nano S Plus, Ledger Nano X, Ledger Stax with varying price ranges.

Lens Protocol is a decentralized social graph built on the Polygon blockchain that allows developers to create social media applications where users own their data. It aims to decentralize social networking, giving users control over their profiles, connections, and content.

Leverage in trading refers to the use of borrowed funds to increase the potential return of an investment. In the cryptocurrency market, traders can use leverage to open larger positions with a smaller amount of capital. While leverage can amplify gains, it also increases the risk of significant losses, as it exposes traders to the possibility of margin calls.

LibP2P is an expensive networking stack designed for peer-to-peer (P2P) applications, enabling secure and scalable communication between blockchain nodes. It is widely used in blockchain systems like IPFS and Ethereum 2.0 to manage decentralized communication.

Lido is a liquid staking protocol that allows users to stake their assets (like Ethereum) without locking them up, receiving tokens that represent their stake. These tokens can be used in DeFi while still earning staking rewards, offering liquidity to staked assets.

A light node is a type of blockchain node that downloads only a small part of the blockchain, typically just the block headers, to validate transactions without storing the entire chain. This allows it to operate more efficiently, especially on resource-constrained devices.

The Lightning Network is a Layer 2 scaling solution for Bitcoin. It enables fast, low-cost transactions by creating off-chain payment channels between users. These channels allow multiple transactions to occur without recording each one on the blockchain, reducing congestion and increasing transaction speed. The final state is then settled on the main chain.

Linea is an Ethereum Layer 2 scaling solution developed by ConsenSys to reduce costs and improve throughput. It enables decentralized applications (dApps) to scale while maintaining Ethereum's security and decentralization.

LINK is the native token of Chainlink, a decentralized oracle network that connects smart contracts with real-world data, allowing blockchains to access off-chain information. LINK tokens are used to pay for data services on the network.

Liquid Proof of Stake (Liquid PoS) is Tezos’ consensus mechanism, where token holders can delegate their stake to validators (bakers) without losing control of their tokens. This approach allows greater flexibility while ensuring network security and decentralization.

Liquid staking on the Fantom network allows users to stake their tokens and receive a liquid derivative that can be used in DeFi applications while earning staking rewards. This offers flexibility and liquidity without needing to lock up assets for long periods.

Liquidity refers to the ease with which an asset can be bought or sold in the market without affecting its price. In the cryptocurrency market, liquidity is crucial for efficient trading and minimizing slippage. High liquidity means there are many buyers and sellers, allowing for quick and seamless transactions. Low liquidity can lead to price volatility and difficulty in executing trades.

Liquidity mining is a process where users provide liquidity to a decentralized finance (DeFi) platform's liquidity pool in exchange for rewards, usually in the form of tokens. By staking their assets, participants help facilitate trading on the platform and earn additional tokens as an incentive. Liquidity mining has become a popular way to incentivize participation and increase liquidity in DeFi ecosystems.

A liquidity pool is a collection of funds locked in a smart contract on a decentralized exchange (DEX) or DeFi platform. These pools are used to facilitate trading by providing liquidity for various asset pairs. Liquidity providers earn a share of the transaction fees generated by the pool, proportional to their contribution. Liquidity pools are essential for automated market makers (AMMs) and decentralized trading.

A liquidity provider (LP) supplies assets to a decentralized exchange (DEX) to facilitate trading by ensuring there are enough tokens available in the liquidity pool. In return, LPs earn a portion of the trading fees generated by the pool.

Liquidity Provider Tokens (LP Tokens) are issued to liquidity providers as a representation of their share in a liquidity pool. These tokens can be used to claim rewards or be staked in other DeFi protocols for additional earnings.

Litecoin (LTC) is a peer-to-peer cryptocurrency created by Charlie Lee in 2011 as a fork of Bitcoin. It is designed to provide faster transaction times and lower fees compared to Bitcoin. Litecoin uses a different hashing algorithm called Scrypt, making it less susceptible to ASIC mining.

The log index refers to the specific position or order of an event log in a blockchain transaction. It helps developers track and reference individual events within a transaction’s log data.

Logs in blockchain are records of events emitted by smart contracts during transactions. These logs are stored on-chain and can be accessed by external applications to monitor contract behavior.

The London Upgrade, implemented on Ethereum in August 2021, introduced several key improvements, including EIP-1559, which changed Ethereum’s fee structure by introducing a base fee for transactions. It aimed to improve the user experience and prepare the network for the eventual transition to Ethereum 2.0.

Lovelace is the smallest unit of Cardano. 1 Lovelace is equivalent to 0.000001 ADA.

MEXC is a global cryptocurrency exchange offering trading in various digital assets, including spot and derivatives markets. Known for its wide range of listed tokens, MEXC serves both beginners and professional traders.

Magic Eden is a leading NFT marketplace on the Solana blockchain, offering users a platform to buy, sell, and trade digital assets like art, collectibles, and more. It is known for its user-friendly interface and has become a key hub for the Solana NFT community.

Magic Internet Money is a meme originated in Reddit that playfully describes the intangible nature of cryptocurrencies, emphasizing how they exist entirely in the digital world. It reflects the idea that these assets can be created, traded, and hold value without any physical presence, often seeming mysterious or surreal to those outside the crypto space.

Mainnet refers to the main blockchain network where real transactions occur and have real economic value. It is the fully developed and operational version of a blockchain project, as opposed to a testnet, which is used for testing purposes. Mainnets have their own native cryptocurrency and are used for deploying smart contracts and dApps in a live environment.

Maker (MKR) is a governance token for the MakerDAO protocol, which allows users to create the DAI stablecoin through decentralized loans. MKR holders can vote on key protocol decisions, helping manage the stability of the DAI ecosystem.

A margin call occurs when the value of an investor's margin account falls below the required minimum due to market movements. In the cryptocurrency market, margin calls can happen when leveraged positions lose value, prompting the exchange or broker to demand additional funds or liquidate positions to cover the losses.

Margin trading is a practice where traders borrow funds from a broker or exchange to trade larger positions than their initial capital allows. In the cryptocurrency market, margin trading enables traders to leverage their positions, potentially increasing profits. However, it also amplifies the risk of losses, as traders must repay the borrowed funds regardless of the outcome of their trades.

Market capitalization (market cap) is the total value of all outstanding coins or tokens of a cryptocurrency. It is calculated by multiplying the current price of the asset by its total circulating supply. Market cap is a key indicator of the size and popularity of a cryptocurrency, often used to rank assets and assess their relative importance in the market.

A market maker is an entity or individual that provides liquidity to a market by offering to buy and sell an asset at specified prices. In the cryptocurrency market, market makers help ensure that there is enough liquidity for efficient trading. They profit from the bid-ask spread, the difference between the buying and selling prices.

A market order is an order to buy or sell an asset immediately at the best available price. While market orders guarantee execution, they do not guarantee the price, making them suitable for quick trades but potentially resulting in slippage during periods of high volatility.

A market signal is an indicator or piece of information that suggests a potential change in the price or direction of an asset. In the cryptocurrency market, traders use various market signals, such as technical analysis patterns, news events, and trading volume, to make informed decisions.

Market volatility refers to the degree of variation in the price of an asset over time. In the cryptocurrency market, volatility is often high, with prices experiencing significant fluctuations within short periods. Volatility can present both opportunities and risks for traders and investors, as it can lead to large gains or losses.

Marlowe is a domain-specific language (DSL) for creating financial smart contracts on the Cardano blockchain, aimed at simplifying contract creation. It allows developers and non-programmers alike to build and deploy contracts with minimal code.

Max supply refers to the maximum number of coins or tokens that will ever exist for a particular cryptocurrency. It is a fixed limit set by the protocol to control the total supply and prevent inflation. For example, Bitcoin has a max supply of 21 million coins while some currencies such as Ethereum or Solana do not have a fixed maximum supply.

MEV refers to the maximum profit that a miner or validator can extract from ordering transactions within a block. This often involves techniques like front-running or reordering transactions to gain higher rewards.

A maximalist is a strong supporter of a particular cryptocurrency, believing it to be superior to all others. For example, a Bitcoin maximalist believes that Bitcoin is the only cryptocurrency that matters and that it will dominate the market.

Meebits are 3D voxel characters created by Larva Labs, the team behind CryptoPunks, and exist as NFTs on the Ethereum blockchain. They are designed for use in virtual worlds, games, and the metaverse.

Memecoins are cryptocurrencies that are often created as jokes or based on internet memes, but sometimes gain popularity and significant market value. Examples include Dogecoin (DOGE) and Shiba Inu (SHIB), both of which have strong community followings.

The mempool is a waiting area for unconfirmed transactions on a blockchain network before they are added to a block. It acts as a temporary storage space, where transactions wait to be verified and included in the next block by miners.

The Merkle root is a cryptographic summary of all transactions in a block, created using a Merkle tree structure. It ensures data integrity, allowing users to verify any transaction within the block without needing to download the entire block.

A Merkle tree is a data structure that organizes transactions in a blockchain using cryptographic hashes, allowing efficient and secure verification of large datasets. It forms the basis for the Merkle root, which is stored in each block header.

Metachain is a blockchain layer in Elrond’s architecture, managing network operations like sharding, validator tasks, and cross-shard communication. It enhances the scalability and efficiency of the Elrond blockchain network.

MetaMask is a popular crypto wallet and browser extension developed by Consensys that allows users to interact with Ethereum-based dApps directly from their web browsers. It enables users to store, send, and receive ERC-20 tokens and NFTs securely.

The metaverse refers to a virtual, interconnected digital space where users can interact through avatars, play games, work, socialize, and engage in economic activities using digital assets like cryptocurrencies and NFTs. It is often seen as the next evolution of the internet, blending augmented and virtual realities.

Metropolis is the third major development phase of Ethereum, split into the Byzantium and Constantinople upgrades, aimed at improving scalability, security, and user-friendliness. It included changes like reduced gas costs and enhancements for smart contracts.

Micro Bitcoin (uBTC) represents one-millionth of a Bitcoin, or 0.000001 BTC, often used for microtransactions. It helps break down the high value of Bitcoin into more manageable units for smaller purchases or transfers.

Milli Bitcoin (mBTC) is equal to one-thousandth of a Bitcoin, or 0.001 BTC, providing a smaller unit of measure for transactions.

Mimblewimble is a blockchain privacy protocol that improves transaction anonymity and scalability by concealing transaction amounts and sender-receiver identities. It is the underlying technology for privacy coins like Grin and Beam.

A miner is an individual or entity that uses computational power to validate and secure transactions on a blockchain, such as Bitcoin. In return, miners are rewarded with newly minted coins and transaction fees.

Mining is the process of validating and adding new transactions to a blockchain ledger by solving complex mathematical problems. Miners use computational power to perform these calculations, securing the network and earning rewards in the form of new coins or transaction fees.

A mining farm is a large-scale operation where multiple mining rigs are set up to mine cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin. These farms are often located in areas with low electricity costs to maximize profitability.

A mining pool is a group of miners who combine their computational resources to increase their chances of solving a block and earning rewards. In the cryptocurrency market, mining pools allow individual miners to receive a steady income by pooling their efforts and sharing the rewards proportionally.

A mining reward is the incentive given to miners for successfully adding a new block to the blockchain. It typically includes both newly minted coins and transaction fees from the transactions included in the block.

Minting refers to the process of creating new NFTs on a blockchain. It involves recording the new asset on the blockchain, making it publicly available and tradeable.

Mist is the smallest unit of SUI. 1 MIST is equal to 0.000000001 SUI.

Mithril is a cryptographic protocol used on the Cardano blockchain to provide lightweight client solutions, enhancing efficiency and security for users. It aims to enable faster, decentralized verification of blockchain data.

A mixer is a service used to obscure the origin of cryptocurrency transactions by mixing funds from multiple users. This process enhances privacy by making it more difficult to trace the path of coins.

A mnemonic phrase, also known as a seed phrase or recovery phrase, is a sequence of words used to generate and recover a cryptocurrency wallet. The phrase is typically 12 to 24 words long and serves as a backup for accessing the wallet and its funds. It is crucial to store the mnemonic phrase securely, as anyone with access to it can control the associated assets.

A mobile wallet is a smartphone application that allows users to store, send, and receive cryptocurrencies. It provides easy access to digital assets on the go while often including features like QR code scanning for transactions.

Monero (XMR) is a privacy-focused cryptocurrency that uses ring signatures and stealth addresses to obfuscate transaction details, ensuring anonymity for its users. It is widely used for transactions where privacy is a priority.

Money printer go BRRR is a meme in the crypto community that critiques the excessive money printing by central banks, leading to inflation.

In crypto slang, "moon" refers to a significant increase in a cryptocurrency’s price, implying that its value is skyrocketing. Traders often use the phrase "going to the moon" to describe a bullish outlook on a coin.

More Viable Plasma (MVP) is an Ethereum Layer 2 scaling solution that allows faster and cheaper transactions by processing them off-chain while maintaining the security of the Ethereum mainnet. It helps reduce congestion and improve transaction speeds.

Motoko is a programming language designed specifically for building applications on the Internet Computer (DFINITY) blockchain. It enables developers to write smart contracts and decentralized applications with ease and efficiency.

Move is a programming language developed by Meta for the Diem blockchain, now used in other blockchain projects like Aptos. It focuses on safe resource management, making it suitable for secure smart contract development.

Mt.Gox was one of the first and largest Bitcoin exchanges, which famously collapsed in 2014 after a massive hack, leading to the loss of around 850,000 BTC. Its failure highlighted the importance of security in the crypto space and had a lasting impact on the industry's trust.

Multi-Delegation on Cardano allows users to delegate their ADA to multiple staking pools from a single wallet, optimizing staking rewards. It enables greater flexibility for users who wish to support different pools without creating separate wallets.

Multichain is a protocol that allows interoperability between different blockchains, facilitating asset transfers and communication across chains. It aims to create a seamless cross-chain experience, making it easier for projects to integrate with multiple blockchain networks.

Multisignature (multisig) is a security feature that requires multiple signatures or approvals to authorize a transaction. In the cryptocurrency market, multisig wallets require two or more private keys to approve a transaction, adding an extra layer of security. This feature is commonly used for shared accounts, corporate funds, or situations where additional security is needed to prevent unauthorized access.

Mutant Ape Yacht Club (MAYC) is an NFT collection created by Yuga Labs as a companion to the Bored Ape Yacht Club (BAYC). The MAYC NFTs were released as a way to expand the BAYC universe and offer new perks to holders.

Mycelium is a mobile cryptocurrency wallet known for its advanced privacy features and compatibility with hardware wallets. It allows users to manage multiple cryptocurrencies while providing a range of tools for secure transactions.

NEM (New Economy Movement) is a blockchain platform known for its Proof of Importance (PoI) consensus mechanism and support for smart assets. It focuses on providing enterprise solutions with scalable and customizable blockchain services.

NEO is a blockchain platform often referred to as the “Ethereum of China,” designed to build decentralized applications (dApps) and digital assets. It utilizes a unique Delegated Byzantine Fault Tolerance (dBFT) consensus mechanism for fast and secure transactions.

NGMI stands for “Not Gonna Make It” and is used in the crypto community to describe a pessimistic outlook on a person’s investment or decision-making. It suggests that the individual may miss out on potential gains or market trends.

The Nakamoto Coefficient measures the level of decentralization in a blockchain network by determining the minimum number of entities required to control consensus. A higher Nakamoto Coefficient indicates a more decentralized network, while a lower one suggests centralization risks.

A Name Wrapper is a mechanism in blockchain naming systems that allows a domain or name to be bundled with additional features or permissions. It enables flexibility in how domain names or identities can be managed and transferred.

In EOSIO, Net refers to the network resources required to execute transactions and run dApps. Users must stake EOS tokens to access Net resources, ensuring the smooth operation of decentralized applications on the blockchain.

The Network Baseline Model in Filecoin sets benchmarks for storage capacity, influencing mining rewards and network incentives. It ensures that the rewards system scales with the network’s growth and overall storage capacity.

Network congestion occurs when a blockchain’s transaction processing capacity is exceeded, leading to slower confirmation times and higher fees. It often happens during periods of high demand or significant market events.

A Neuron in DFINITY’s Internet Computer refers to a governance mechanism that allows users to participate in network decisions through staking. Users can vote on proposals and earn rewards by locking their tokens in a neuron.

Nick Szabo is a computer scientist, cryptographer, and legal scholar who is widely known for his research on smart contracts and the concept of Bit Gold, a precursor to Bitcoin. He is often speculated to be Satoshi Nakamoto, the anonymous creator of Bitcoin, though he has denied it.

Nifty Gateway is a platform for buying, selling, and curating NFTs that emphasizes accessibility for mainstream users. It hosts drops of high-profile NFTs and allows users to purchase digital art with credit cards.

A nocoiner is someone who does not own any cryptocurrencies and often expresses skepticism or criticism about the crypto industry. The term is sometimes used proactively by those within the crypto community.

A node is a computer or device connected to a blockchain network that participates in validating and relaying transactions. In the cryptocurrency market, nodes maintain a copy of the blockchain and help ensure the network's security and integrity. There are different types of nodes, including full nodes, which store the entire blockchain, and lightweight nodes, which store only essential data.

Nodeos is the core software component of EOSIO that manages the blockchain’s nodes, processes transactions, and handles block production. It allows developers and validators to interact with the EOSIO network.

A nominator is a participant in the Polkadot network who stakes their DOT tokens to support trusted validators. Nominators help secure the network and earn staking rewards based on the validators they support.

A non-custodial wallet is a type of cryptocurrency wallet where the user has full control over their private keys and funds. Unlike custodial wallets, where a third party manages the keys, non-custodial wallets do not require users to trust an intermediary. They offer greater privacy and security but also place the responsibility of safeguarding the keys on the user.

A non-deterministic wallet generates keys randomly without a seed phrase, making it harder to recover keys if lost. It contrasts with deterministic wallets, which derive keys from a single seed.

A non-fungible token (NFT) is a unique digital asset that represents ownership of a specific item or piece of content, such as art, music, or collectibles. Unlike fungible tokens like cryptocurrencies, NFTs cannot be exchanged on a one-to-one basis, as each NFT has distinct properties and value. NFTs are often used in digital art, gaming, and other industries to authenticate and monetize digital creations.

A nonce is a random number used in cryptographic processes like mining to find a valid hash for a block. It ensures that the hash produced is unique and meets the difficulty target set by the network.

OKX is a major cryptocurrency exchange in China offering trading, staking, and lending services. It provides access to a wide range of digital assets and advanced trading features, including derivatives.

OPCode (operation code) is a low-level instruction used in smart contracts and blockchain transactions. It defines the actions that the blockchain's virtual machine will execute, such as adding numbers or verifying signatures.

OP_RETURN is a Bitcoin script operation code that allows users to embed small amounts of data (up to 80 bytes) in a transaction, effectively marking it as non-spendable. This feature is often used for storing metadata or linking assets on the blockchain.

Observers in the Elrond network are nodes that validate blockchain data and ensure network integrity but do not participate in consensus or earn rewards. They help decentralize the network without adding consensus overhead.

Ocean Protocol is a decentralized data exchange protocol that allows data owners to monetize their data while maintaining privacy. It enables secure sharing and trading of data assets between individuals and companies using blockchain technology.

Octa is the smallest unit of Aptos. 1 Octa is equivalent to 0.00000001 APT.

Odysee is a decentralized video-sharing platform built on the LBRY blockchain, allowing content creators to upload, share, and monetize their videos without centralized control. It promotes freedom of speech and content ownership.

Off-chain refers to transactions that occur outside of the blockchain network. Off-chain transactions are not recorded on the blockchain, allowing for faster and cheaper transactions which can later be settled on-chain.

Omnichain are the blockchain systems that allow seamless interaction between multiple blockchains, facilitating cross-chain transactions and data exchanges. It enhances interoperability, making decentralized applications (dApps) more versatile.

On-chain refers to transactions or data that are recorded directly on the blockchain. On-chain transactions are visible to all network participants and are subject to the blockchain's consensus rules. They offer transparency and immutability but may involve higher fees and slower confirmation times compared to off-chain transactions.

The Ontorand Consensus Engine (OCE) is the consensus mechanism used by the Ontology blockchain, combining Delegated Proof of Stake (DPoS) and Byzantine Fault Tolerance (BFT) to achieve efficient and secure consensus.

Open Representative Voting (ORV) is Nano’s consensus mechanism where users can delegate their voting power to representatives, who then vote on transaction validity without mining. It ensures security and quick confirmation without the need for high-energy usage.

OpenAlias is a protocol that simplifies cryptocurrency addresses by allowing users to map complex public keys to human-readable domain names, making payments easier and more user-friendly.

OpenSea is a decentralized NFT marketplace for buying, selling, and trading non-fungible tokens (NFTs). It supports various types of NFTs, including digital art and collectibles,

Opera is the name of Fantom's EVM compatible mainnet, which allows developers to deploy decentralized applications on Fantom using Ethereum’s existing toolsets.

Optimism is a Layer 2 scaling solution for Ethereum that uses Optimistic Rollups to increase throughput and reduce transaction costs. It helps Ethereum handle more transactions without compromising security.

Optimistic Rollups are a Layer 2 scaling technology that assumes transactions are valid by default and only checks validity through fraud proofs if a challenge arises. They help reduce transaction costs and improve throughput on blockchains like Ethereum.

A blockchain oracle is a service that provides off-chain data to smart contracts, allowing them to interact with real-world information like stock prices, weather, or events. Oracles act as a bridge between blockchains and the external world.

An order book is a digital ledger on an exchange that lists all the buy and sell orders for a specific cryptocurrency. It helps traders see the supply and demand dynamics in real-time.

An order ring in Loopring is a method of matching multiple orders across different tokens into a circular trade, which maximizes liquidity and trading efficiency by filling all orders in one loop.

Ordinals allow data to be inscribed on individual satoshis (the smallest unit of Bitcoin), turning them into non-fungible tokens (NFTs) on the Bitcoin blockchain. This enables unique items to be created and traded on Bitcoin.

An orphan block is a valid block that is not included in the final blockchain because another competing block was accepted by the network first. These blocks occur due to network latency or forks.

Ouroboros is the consensus protocol used by the Cardano blockchain, based on Proof of Stake (PoS). It ensures security and energy efficiency by selecting validators to produce new blocks based on their stake in the network.

P2P (Peer-to-Peer) refers to decentralized networks where participants interact directly with one another without intermediaries. This structure is used in blockchain networks to facilitate secure, transparent transactions.

P2PKH (Pay-to-Public-Key-Hash) is a Bitcoin script type that locks funds to a specific Bitcoin address and can only be unlocked by the recipient's corresponding private key. It is the most common type of Bitcoin transaction.

P2SH (Pay-to-Script-Hash) is a transaction type in Bitcoin that allows for the use of more complex scripts by simplifying them. It requires a valid hash to be provided at the time of spending the output.

P2WPKH (Pay-to-Witness-Public-Key-Hash) is a SegWit (Segregated Witness) transaction type that reduces transaction size and fees by moving signature data outside of the main transaction. It enhances Bitcoin’s scalability.

PFP (Profile Picture) refers to NFTs that are used as digital avatars or profile pictures, often representing personal identity or affiliation within the crypto community. Collections like Bored Ape Yacht Club (BAYC) and CryptoPunks are examples of PFP NFTs.

PancakeSwap is a decentralized exchange (DEX) built on Binance Smart Chain (BSC) that allows users to swap BEP-20 tokens. It features yield farming, staking, and decentralized liquidity pools.

A paper wallet is a physical printout of a private and public key pair, often used for storing cryptocurrencies offline. It is considered a secure way to store digital assets but comes with risks if the paper is lost or damaged.

Parachains are independent blockchains that run parallel to Polkadot’s main relay chain, benefiting from Polkadot’s shared security and cross-chain functionality. Each parachain can specialize in different use cases or functions.

The parent hash in a blockchain block refers to the cryptographic hash of the previous block, linking blocks together in a chain. This ensures the immutability and security of the blockchain.

Parity is a well-known Ethereum client developed by Parity Technologies, designed for speed, security, and flexibility in interacting with the Ethereum blockchain. It was one of the fastest implementations of the Ethereum protocol.

A passphrase is a sequence of words or characters used to secure cryptocurrency wallets, typically for accessing private keys or as a recovery method. It adds an additional layer of security compared to traditional passwords.

Pax Gold (PAXG) is a gold-backed cryptocurrency, with each token representing one troy ounce of physical gold stored in vaults. It allows users to trade, store, and own gold digitally.

A peg is a mechanism that ties the value of one cryptocurrency to another asset, such as fiat currency or another cryptocurrency. Stablecoins like USDT are pegged to the U.S. dollar to maintain a stable value.

A permissionless blockchain allows anyone to participate in the network without needing approval or permission from a central authority. It contrasts with permissioned blockchains, which restrict access to certain participants.

Piconero is the smallest unit of Monero. 1 Piconero is equivalent to 0.000000000001 XMR.

In the crypto community, "Pizza" refers to the famous Bitcoin Pizza Day, when Laszlo Hanyecz paid 10,000 BTC for two pizzas in 2010. It is a historical event marking thefirst real-world transaction using Bitcoin.

Play 2 Earn (P2E) is a gaming model where players earn cryptocurrencies or NFTs by participating in games. These rewards can be traded or sold, allowing players to monetize their time spent in the game.

Plutus is the smart contract development platform for the Cardano blockchain, using Haskell-based programming languages for secure and efficient contract execution. It allows developers to build decentralized applications (dApps) on Cardano.

Politeia is the governance system of Decred that enables stakeholders to propose, discuss, and vote on project proposals. It ensures that decisions on development and funding are decentralized and community-driven.

Polkadot is a multi-chain blockchain platform that enables different blockchains to interoperate and share security. It uses parachains to increase scalability while maintaining decentralized governance.

Polygon is a Layer 2 scaling solution for Ethereum that enhances transaction speed and reduces costs. It provides developers with a framework to build scalable dApps on Ethereum.

A Ponzi scheme is a fraudulent investment operation where returns are paid to earlier investors using the capital from newer investors, rather than from profit. It collapses when new investments stop coming in.

A portfolio in crypto refers to the collection of digital assets or cryptocurrencies owned by an individual or organization. It helps track and manage investment performance across different assets.

Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance (pBFT) is a consensus algorithm used in blockchain systems to achieve agreement among distributed nodes, even if some nodes act maliciously. It ensures security and reliability by tolerating faulty or compromised nodes.

Pre-mine refers to the process of creating a certain amount of cryptocurrency before a public launch, often for developers or early investors. It can be controversial as it centralizes initial token distribution.

The Primary Network in Avalanche is the default subnetwork that validates all transactions across the platform’s subnets. Every member of the custom subnetwork should be a member of Primary Network by staking 2000 AVAX. It provides a foundation for the Avalanche ecosystem's security and consensus.

A private blockchain is a closed, permissioned network where only authorized participants can validate transactions and access the ledger. It is typically used by organizations for internal purposes, offering higher privacy and control.

A private key is a cryptographic key used to sign transactions and access funds in a cryptocurrency wallet. It must be kept secure, as anyone with the private key can control the associated assets.

Proof of Burn (PoB) is a consensus mechanism where participants "burn" tokens by sending them to an irretrievable address, proving their commitment to the network. In return, they gain mining or staking privileges.

Proof of History (PoH) is a consensus mechanism used by Solana, where timestamps are used to verify the order of transactions without needing to reach consensus on time. This allows the network to process transactions faster.

Proof of Stake (PoS) is a consensus algorithm where validators are chosen to create new blocks and confirm transactions based on the amount of cryptocurrency they hold and are willing to "stake." It is energy-efficient compared to Proof of Work (PoW).

Proof of Validation (PoV) ensures that a node has validated a specific transaction or block. This mechanism strengthens the security of decentralized networks by confirming that validation has been properly completed.

Proof of Work (PoW) is a consensus mechanism that requires participants to solve complex cryptographic puzzles to validate transactions and create new blocks. It secures blockchains like Bitcoin but consumes significant computational power.

Proxikle is a blockchain cloud platform that builds infrastructure products for Web3 users, including blockchain analytics, explorers,query engines and taxation software. Its products aim to empower web3 users with data insights and analytics capabilities on the blockchain.

Pruning refers to the process of reducing the size of a blockchain by removing unnecessary data, such as old or non-essential transaction histories. This helps manage storage requirements for nodes in the network.

A public key is a cryptographic key used to receive funds in a cryptocurrency transaction. It is paired with a private key, allowing the public key to be shared openly without compromising security.

Public key cryptography uses a pair of cryptographic keys—one public and one private—enabling secure transactions and communication. In blockchain, it ensures that funds can only be accessed by the owner of the corresponding private key.

Pudgy Penguins is an NFT collection on the Ethereum blockchain featuring cartoon-like penguins. It has gained popularity for its strong community and is used as profile pictures by collectors.

A pump refers to a rapid increase in the price of a cryptocurrency, often due to market speculation or coordinated efforts by a group of traders. It is typically followed by a "dump," where prices fall sharply.

Qtum is a hybrid blockchain platform that combines Ethereum’s smart contract capabilities with Bitcoin’s secure UTXO model. It aims to provide an enterprise-friendly solution for decentralized applications (dApps).

A quantum bit (qubit) is the basic unit of information in quantum computing, capable of representing multiple states at once due to quantum superposition. It offers exponentially greater computational power compared to classical bits.

Quantum computing harnesses quantum mechanics to perform computations far more efficiently than classical computers. It poses potential risks to blockchain encryption, but it also offers opportunities for solving complex problems in cryptography and beyond.

Quantum cryptography is a method of secure communication that uses the principles of quantum mechanics to encrypt data, ensuring that any attempt to intercept the communication can be detected. It leverages quantum properties like superposition and entanglement to protect data, making it theoretically immune to eavesdropping or hacking by classical and quantum computers.

QuickNode is a blockchain infrastructure platform that provides developers with easy access to nodes and APIs for building decentralized applications (dApps). It offers tools to quickly interact with various blockchain networks.

Quorum is a governance model in blockchain where a minimum number of stakeholders or validators must participate to approve or validate transactions, proposals, or changes within the network. In blockchain systems, quorum helps maintain decentralization while ensuring that a sufficient proportion of the network's participants agree on key decisions, promoting both security and efficiency in protocol updates and governance actions.

Quorum Blockchain is a permissioned blockchain solution built for enterprises, offering enhanced privacy and control while maintaining Ethereum compatibility. It enables organizations to build scalable, secure blockchain applications for internal use. Though it was developed by various enterprises such as JP Morgan, it was acquired by Consensys in 2021.

A slang term in the crypto community referring to a situation where an investor or trader suffers heavy losses, typically due to a bad trade or a market crash.

A cryptographic hash function used in Bitcoin to create shorter addresses from public keys. It is a 160-bit hash function used in combination with SHA-256 for address generation.

A cryptographic system that uses two keys: a public key for encryption and a private key for decryption. It is widely used in secure communications, including blockchain technology.

Raiden Network is a layer-2 scaling solution for Ethereum designed to enable fast, low-fee, off-chain token transfers using payment channels. It aims to address Ethereum's scalability issues for micropayments.

A decentralized marketplace for creating, selling, and buying non-fungible tokens (NFTs), empowering users to mint their digital assets. It operates on the Ethereum blockchain and has a native governance token, RARI.

A peer-to-peer blockchain that focuses on the transfer of assets like tokens or NFTs from one party to another. It is a Bitcoin fork but is optimized for asset issuance and transfer.

Rebase is a mechanism in some cryptocurrencies where the total supply adjusts periodically to stabilize the token’s price, without affecting the value of individual holdings. Often used in algorithmic stablecoins.

A feature in Arweave's blockchain that enables access to archived and immutable data stored across its decentralized storage network. It ensures long-term, permanent data availability.

A set of words generated by a cryptocurrency wallet that allows users to recover their funds if they lose access to their wallet. It must be stored securely as it provides full access to the wallet.

An encoding format used in Ethereum to serialize data structures of arbitrary complexity. It is primarily used for encoding transactions and blockchain data.

The central chain of the Polkadot network, responsible for network security, consensus, and cross-chain interoperability. It enables different blockchains to communicate with each other.

Relay Nodes are nodes in the Algorand network responsible for relaying messages and data between participation nodes, facilitating the communication needed for consensus.

An open-source, web-based integrated development environment (IDE) used for writing, testing, and deploying smart contracts on Ethereum. It supports Solidity and provides debugging and deployment tools.

A protocol that enables a program to request a service from a program located on another computer in a network. In crypto, it is used to communicate with blockchain nodes.

Miners in the Filecoin network responsible for repairing lost or corrupted data to maintain the integrity of stored files. They ensure data durability and availability.

A feature in Bitcoin and some other blockchains that allows a transaction to be replaced with a new one that includes a higher fee, incentivizing miners to prioritize it for faster confirmation.

A type of network attack where valid data transmission is maliciously repeated or delayed. In the context of blockchain, it involves reusing a transaction on another chain or replaying it to double-spend.

A DeFi strategy that involves staking the same assets multiple times across different protocols to maximize yield. It is often done in staking-as-a-service models or multi-chain environments.

The process of adjusting the mining difficulty in Proof-of-Work blockchains to ensure that blocks are mined at a consistent rate, regardless of changes in the total network hash power.

A type of miner in Filecoin responsible for retrieving and delivering requested data to users from the decentralized storage network. They are paid for providing efficient data access.

Ring Confidential Transactions (Ring CT) is a privacy feature in Monero that hides the amounts of XMR being transacted. It ensures that the transaction amounts are not visible to observers who are exploring the blockchain.

Participants in the Loopring protocol responsible for processing trades by matching orders in a decentralized manner. They use a unique system called "ring-matching" to pair orders.

A cryptographic technique used in Monero to obfuscate the origin of transactions by mixing the sender’s inputs with a group of other inputs. It enhances privacy by making it difficult to trace transactions.

The number of signers included in a ring signature. In Monero, a larger ring size increases transaction anonymity by making it harder to identify the real sender.

Rinkeby is a proof-of-authority Ethereum testnet used by developers to test smart contracts and decentralized applications without using real Ether. It mimics the Ethereum mainnet environment.

Ripple is a real-time gross settlement system, currency exchange, and remittance network. Its native cryptocurrency, XRP, facilitates cross-border payments and reduces transaction costs.

Roadmap is a strategic plan outlining the development goals and timelines for a blockchain project. It is typically used to communicate the project's future direction to the community and investors.

Roger Ver is an early investor and advocate of Bitcoin who later became a prominent supporter of Bitcoin Cash. He is often referred to as "Bitcoin Jesus" for his evangelism of Bitcoin in its early days.

A type of scam in the DeFi space where the developers of a project suddenly withdraw liquidity, abandoning the project and leaving investors with worthless tokens.

SEI is a decentralized layer-1 blockchain optimized for trading and financial applications, aiming to provide fast and low-cost transactions with high throughput. It is designed to handle the specific needs of decentralized finance (DeFi) and trading platforms.

SHA256 is a cryptographic hashing algorithm that generates a 256-bit hash and is used as the backbone of Bitcoin's Proof of Work consensus. It ensures the security and integrity of data by generating unique and irreversible hash outputs.

Sui is a decentralized layer-1 blockchain designed to offer high throughput and low-latency transactions, using a unique data model and consensus mechanism for scalability. It focuses on enabling efficient decentralized applications (dApps) and Web3 use cases.

Satoshi is the smallest unit of Bitcoin. 1 Satoshi is equivalent to 0.00000001 BTC.

Satoshi Nakamoto is the anonymous person or group of developers who created Bitcoin and authored its whitepaper in 2008, leading to the development of the first decentralized cryptocurrency in 2009.

Scalability refers to a blockchain’s ability to handle an increasing number of transactions efficiently without compromising performance and decentralization. It is a crucial factor in determining how well a network can grow and support widespread adoption.

A scam refers to fraudulent schemes aimed at stealing funds from investors or users, often through fake projects, phishing, or rug pulls. Scams undermine trust in the crypto ecosystem and can result in significant financial losses.

Schnorr signatures are a cryptographic signature scheme that offers better privacy and efficiency compared to traditional ECDSA signatures used in Bitcoin. They enable multi-signature transactions to be aggregated into a single signature, reducing transaction size.

ScriptSig is a component of Bitcoin transactions, containing the unlocking script that satisfies the conditions set in the corresponding locking script (ScriptPubKey). It proves ownership and authorizes the spending of Bitcoin from a previous transaction.

Scrypt is a memory-intensive hashing algorithm used as a Proof-of-Work mechanism, specifically used by Litecoin. It was designed to make mining more accessible to regular users by requiring more memory, thereby limiting the effectiveness of specialized hardware like ASICs.

SAFU is a Binance initiative that acts as an emergency insurance fund to protect users' funds in extreme situations, such as hacks or security breaches. A portion of trading fees is allocated to this fund to ensure user protection.

A secure element chip is a tamper-resistant hardware component used in hardware wallets to store private keys securely, protecting them from potential hacking attempts. It adds an extra layer of security for storing cryptocurrency offline.

A security token represents ownership in an underlying asset, such as equity or real estate, and is subject to regulatory oversight. These tokens are designed to comply with securities laws, offering investors a digital form of traditional financial assets.

The SEC is a U.S. regulatory agency responsible for enforcing securities laws and regulating securities markets. In crypto, the SEC evaluates whether certain tokens qualify as securities and regulates their sale to protect investors.

SegWit is a Bitcoin protocol upgrade implemented in 2017 that separates signature data from transaction data, increasing block capacity and improving scalability. It also fixes transaction malleability in the Bitcoin protocol.

A sequencer is an entity in layer-2 scaling solutions that orders and bundles transactions before submitting them to the layer-1 blockchain. It helps increase throughput while maintaining security from the base layer.

Serenity, also known as Ethereum 2.0, is the multi-phase upgrade to Ethereum that introduces Proof of Stake (PoS) and aims to improve scalability, security, and energy efficiency. The transition away from Proof of Work (PoW) is central to this upgrade.

A settlement layer is a foundational layer of a blockchain where transactions are finalized and assets are transferred. For example, Bitcoin and Ethereum acts as a settlement layer for the secure and irreversible transfer of value.

Shamir’s Secret Sharing is a cryptographic method for splitting private keys into multiple parts, known as shares. These shares must be combined to reconstruct the original key, enhancing security by reducing the risk of a single point of failure.

The Shanghai Upgrade refers to an Ethereum network upgrade that includes various improvements to its infrastructure, focusing on reducing transaction costs and further enhancing scalability. It is part of Ethereum’s ongoing transition to Ethereum 2.0.

Shard chains are a scaling solution where a blockchain is split into smaller, interconnected segments called shards, each processing its own transactions and smart contracts. This increases the network's throughput and allows parallel processing.

Sharding is a method used to improve blockchain scalability by dividing the network into smaller sections, or shards, that process transactions in parallel. It reduces congestion and increases the number of transactions a blockchain can handle.

Shitcoin is a slang term used to describe a cryptocurrency with little or no value or a project with scam fundamentals. These coins are often highly speculative and have no clear utility or development roadmap.

A sidechain is an independent blockchain that runs parallel to a main blockchain (such as Ethereum or Bitcoin) and is designed to improve scalability or add specific features. It allows assets to be transferred between the two chains via a two-way peg.

The Simple Moving Average (SMA) is a technical analysis tool that calculates the average price of an asset over a specific period. It is used to identify trends and potential price reversals in the cryptocurrency market.

A slot in Cardano refers to a fixed unit of time in the Ouroboros Proof of Stake consensus mechanism, during which a block can be produced. Multiple slots make up an epoch, and the network progresses with new blocks being added in each slot.

Slush is the name of the first Bitcoin mining pool, created to allow miners to combine their computational power and share the rewards. It was a significant innovation that made mining more accessible to smaller participants.

Smart contracts are self-executing contracts with the terms of the agreement directly written into code. They automate and enforce agreements between parties without the need for intermediaries, playing a central role in decentralized applications (dApps).

A soft fork is a backward-compatible upgrade to a blockchain, where only the previously valid blocks or transactions are made invalid. Nodes that haven’t upgraded can still participate in the network, but they may not benefit from the new rules.

A software wallet is a digital wallet used to store cryptocurrencies on devices such as computers or smartphones. It offers greater convenience for frequent transactions, but is generally less secure than hardware wallets.

Solana is a high-speed blockchain platform designed to support decentralized applications and crypto ecosystems with low transaction costs. It uses a unique Proof of History (PoH) consensus mechanism to process thousands of transactions per second.

Solana Monkey Business is a popular NFT collection on the Solana blockchain, featuring unique pixel art monkeys. It has become a well-known project in the Solana NFT space, attracting collectors and investors.

The Solana Program Library (SPL) is a collection of on-chain programs (smart contracts) that provide essential functionalities like token operations, lending, and DeFi primitives on the Solana blockchain. SPL tokens are the Solana equivalent of ERC-20 tokens on Ethereum.

The Solana Virtual Machine (SVM) is the runtime environment for executing programs (smart contracts) on the Solana blockchain, optimized for high throughput and low latency. It allows Solana to handle thousands of transactions per second efficiently.

Solanart is a NFT marketplace built on the Solana blockchain, allowing users to mint, buy, and sell NFTs. It is known for its low transaction fees and high transaction speeds compared to Ethereum-based platforms. It was one of the earliest NFT marketplaces on Solana Blockchain.

Solidity is a high-level programming language used for writing smart contracts on Ethereum and other EVM-compatible blockchains. It enables developers to build decentralized applications (dApps) and automate transactions on the blockchain.

Spurious Dragon is the name of an Ethereum hard fork that was implemented in November 2016 to address denial-of-service attacks on the network and restore stability after the DAO exploit. It was one of the key updates in Ethereum's early history to enhance security.

A stablecoin is a type of cryptocurrency designed to maintain a stable value by being pegged to a reserve asset like the U.S. dollar or gold. It is used for trading, remittances, and as a safe haven in the volatile crypto market.

Staking involves locking up a cryptocurrency in a network to help validate transactions and secure the blockchain in exchange for rewards. It is a key feature of Proof of Stake (PoS) and other consensus mechanisms.

A staking pool allows multiple cryptocurrency holders to combine their resources to increase their chances of validating blocks and earning rewards. It is beneficial for smaller holders who might not meet the minimum staking requirements alone.

A static call is a type of Ethereum call that allows a contract to query or read data from another contract without modifying the blockchain state. It is a safe, gas-efficient way to retrieve information.

A stealth address is a privacy-enhancing technology that allows a user to receive cryptocurrency without publicly revealing their actual address. It creates a unique one-time address for each transaction, protecting user anonymity.

Storage miners in decentralized networks like Filecoin are responsible for storing data in exchange for block rewards. They provide the infrastructure for decentralized storage solutions by ensuring data availability and security.

SuperRare is a digital art marketplace focused on unique, limited-edition NFTs, allowing artists to tokenize and sell their works. It is built on Ethereum and has become a leading platform for crypto art.

Surge refers to one of the upcoming phases in Ethereum's roadmap aimed at significantly increasing the network's scalability by introducing sharding and other scaling solutions. It is part of Ethereum's long-term plan to handle higher transaction volumes efficiently.

Sushiswap is a decentralized exchange (DEX) and automated market maker (AMM) built on Ethereum, allowing users to trade cryptocurrencies directly without intermediaries. It started as a fork of Uniswap but introduced features like yield farming and staking.

A swap refers to exchanging one cryptocurrency for another on a decentralized exchange (DEX) or trading platform. It enables users to convert between different tokens without going through a centralized intermediary.

Swarm is a decentralized storage and content distribution protocol that enables peer-to-peer file sharing and storage on BitTorrent protocol. It ensures data availability, redundancy, and security in a decentralized manner.

A szabo is a unit of Ethereum, equivalent to 1,000,000 wei (or 0.000001 ETH). It is named after Nick Szabo, a prominent cryptographer and early advocate of smart contracts.

A T-Address, or Transparent Address, in Zcash is a publicly viewable address similar to Bitcoin's, where transaction details are visible on the blockchain. T-Addresses contrast with Zcash's privacy-focused Z-Addresses, which are fully encrypted.

TRC-20 is a token standard on the Tron blockchain that defines how fungible tokens should function, similar to Ethereum’s ERC-20, and supports interoperability within the Tron network.

TRON is a blockchain platform focused on decentralizing digital content and entertainment, offering high throughput and low fees for various applications, including streaming and gaming.

Tail emission is the ongoing release of a small, fixed amount of cryptocurrency after the main supply cap is reached, helping to incentivize miners and secure the network long-term.

Tangerine Whistle was an Ethereum hard fork in 2016 designed to address denial-of-service (DoS) attacks and optimize gas costs, enhancing the security and efficiency of the network.

Tangle is IOTA's unique consensus protocol where transactions are confirmed by validating two previous transactions, creating a fast, scalable, and feeless network structure ideal for IoT.

Taproot is a Bitcoin upgrade that enhances privacy, scalability, and security by enabling more complex smart contracts and simplifying transaction data through Merkelized Abstract Syntax Trees (MAST).

Tendermint is a consensus engine that powers Byzantine Fault Tolerant (BFT) proof-of-stake blockchains, ensuring fast finality and high security, and is widely used in the Cosmos ecosystem.

TerraUSD (UST) was a decentralized algorithmic stablecoin on the Terra blockchain, pegged to the U.S. dollar through mechanisms involving the LUNA token to stabilize its value.

A testnet is a testing environment that mimics a blockchain’s mainnet, allowing developers to test applications and deploy upgrades without financial risk before deploying to the live network.

Tether (USDT) is a popular stablecoin pegged to the U.S. dollar, used to provide liquidity and reduce volatility in crypto markets by maintaining a 1:1 value with fiat currency.

Tezos is a self-amending blockchain known for its on-chain governance and formal verification, allowing holders to vote on protocol upgrades without hard forks.

The Graph is a decentralized indexing protocol that organizes and retrieves blockchain data for dApps, allowing developers to access and query blockchain data efficiently.

The Merge was Ethereum’s transition from Proof of Work (PoW) to Proof of Stake (PoS), enhancing energy efficiency and laying the groundwork for future scalability upgrades.

The Sandbox is a decentralized metaverse and gaming platform where users can create, own, and monetize virtual assets and experiences on the Ethereum blockchain.

Timechain is an alternative term for blockchain coined by Satoshi in early versions of Bitcoin, emphasizing the chronological ordering of transactions and the recording of data over time.

A timelock is a condition set on a blockchain transaction that restricts funds or actions until a specific time or block height is reached.

A timestamp records the exact time a transaction is validated on a blockchain, helping to order transactions and provide a historical record.

A token is a digital asset that represents ownership, rights, or utility on a blockchain, used in applications like cryptocurrencies, voting, and accessing services.

A token standard is a set of guidelines for creating tokens on a blockchain, such as ERC-20 on Ethereum, ensuring compatibility and interoperability with applications and wallets.

Tokenomics refers to the economic design of a token, including supply, distribution, incentives, and utility, which influences its demand and value within a network.

In blockchain logs, topics are data fields that index specific events from smart contracts, enabling users to search, decode and filter for particular on-chain activities. They help developers quickly retrieve information about triggered events in decentralized applications.

Total Exchange Volume represents the cumulative volume of cryptocurrency trades conducted on a particular exchange over a given period, indicating the platform’s liquidity and user activity.

Total supply is the entire amount of a cryptocurrency that exists, which includes tokens both in circulation and those held in reserve by developers or smart contracts.

TVL is the total capital held in decentralized finance (DeFi) protocols, showcasing the value of assets committed to DeFi ecosystems and indicating platform trust and user activity.

A trace address is an identifier used in certain blockchains, like Ethereum, to track specific operations and internal transactions within smart contracts, aiding in fund traceability and activity analysis.

Traces are detailed records of internal transactions and execution paths within smart contracts, helping to provide insight into the flow of transactions beyond basic transfers.

A trader is someone who buys and sells cryptocurrencies to profit from price fluctuations, employing various strategies for short-term and long-term gains in the market.

TX fees are charges paid by users to miners or validators for processing and confirming transactions, providing an incentive for network participants to secure the blockchain.

A TxID is a unique identifier for a specific blockchain transaction, enabling users to track and verify transaction details on the blockchain.

Transactions are the data transfers on a blockchain, which can include cryptocurrency transfers, smart contract interactions, or data storage, and are recorded permanently on the ledger.

TPH measures the number of transactions processed on a blockchain in one hour, offering a snapshot of network activity over time.

TPM indicates the number of transactions processed per minute on a blockchain, reflecting network performance and user activity levels.

TPS measures the rate at which a blockchain can process transactions every second, indicating its scalability and capacity to handle high traffic.

Trezor is a hardware wallet that stores cryptocurrency offline, offering enhanced security by safeguarding private keys from online threats and hacks.

Truffle is an Ethereum development framework that provides tools for building, testing, and deploying smart contracts, making it easier for developers to create decentralized applications.

Trust Wallet is a mobile cryptocurrency wallet that supports a wide range of digital assets, providing users with secure storage and access to DeFi applications and NFTs.

A tumbler, or cryptocurrency mixer, is a privacy service that blends multiple transactions to obscure the origins of funds, making it harder to trace individual transactions.

Turing complete refers to a system capable of executing any computable function, meaning it can run any program given enough resources—an essential trait for blockchain platforms that support smart contracts.

USDC is a stablecoin pegged 1:1 to the US dollar, backed by fully reserved assets and issued by Circle and Coinbase. It is widely used for trading, payments, and decentralized finance (DeFi) transactions.

Uncle blocks are valid but orphaned blocks in Ethereum that do not make it into the main blockchain due to being mined almost simultaneously with another block. They still receive partial rewards to incentivize decentralized mining and maintain network security.

A transaction that has been broadcast to the blockchain network but has not yet been included in a block and confirmed by miners or validators. It remains in the mempool until a block is mined containing it.

A decentralized exchange (DEX) running on the Ethereum blockchain, allowing users to trade tokens directly from their wallets without intermediaries using an automated market maker (AMM) system. It enables liquidity provision and token swapping without requiring a centralized authority.

UTXO refers to the amount of cryptocurrency left unspent from a transaction and serves as an input for future transactions in blockchains like Bitcoin. Each UTXO is indivisible until it is used in a subsequent transaction.

Blockchain-based service that provides decentralized domain names as NFTs, giving users censorship-resistant websites and easy-to-read crypto wallet addresses. These domains are hosted on the Ethereum and Polygon blockchains.

A South Korean cryptocurrency exchange known for its wide range of trading pairs and high liquidity. It is one of the largest exchanges in the world by trading volume.

A participant in a Proof-of-Stake (PoS) blockchain responsible for validating transactions and adding new blocks to the chain. Validators are chosen to propose and verify blocks based on the amount of staked cryptocurrency.

A cryptocurrency address that contains a personalized, recognizable string of characters, often created using special software or services. Vanity addresses are primarily used for branding or personal identity in the crypto space.

A cryptographic function that generates random values in a way that can be independently verified by others. In blockchains like Algorand, VRFs are used to ensure fair and random leader selection.

A process in which tokens or assets are released to a participant over a set period, often used as an incentive for team members or investors in blockchain projects. Tokens typically become fully accessible after the vesting period ends.

Bitcoin that has been freshly mined and has never been spent or transacted before. These coins are sometimes considered more valuable due to their clean history.

Vitalik Buterin is the co-founder of Ethereum, one of the most influential blockchain platforms in the world. He is known for his contributions to the development of smart contracts and decentralized applications (dApps).

Refers to the rapid and significant price fluctuations seen in cryptocurrency markets. High volatility can lead to large gains or losses in a short period of time.

The total amount of cryptocurrency traded over a specific period, often used as an indicator of market activity and liquidity. Higher volume usually suggests strong interest or movement in an asset.

A Python-based programming language designed for writing smart contracts on the Ethereum blockchain. It focuses on simplicity and security, offering an alternative to Solidity.

An acronym for "We’re All Gonna Make It," often used in the crypto community to express optimism about the future success of a project or the market as a whole. It reflects a sense of shared positivity among investors and builders.

A crypto wallet is a digital tool that allows users to store, send, and receive cryptocurrencies. Wallets can be software-based (hot wallets) or hardware-based (cold wallets) and they contain private and public keys, which are essential for accessing and managing digital assets.

A protocol that allows users to securely connect their cryptocurrency wallets to decentralized applications (dApps) by scanning a QR code. It enables interaction with dApps directly from mobile or desktop wallets without exposing private keys.

A standardized format for encoding private keys in a way that simplifies their entry, storage, and transfer. It is often used to import or export Bitcoin private keys between wallets.

A privacy-focused Bitcoin wallet that uses CoinJoin to mix transactions, enhancing user anonymity by blending multiple transactions together. It is known for its strong privacy features and open-source nature.

One of India's largest cryptocurrency exchanges, offering a platform for trading a wide variety of digital assets. It gained popularity due to its user-friendly interface and integration with Binance.

A term used to describe investors who sell their cryptocurrency holdings at the first sign of market downturn or price volatility. These investors often panic sell, contributing to market fluctuations.

A type of cryptocurrency wallet that is accessible through a web browser, allowing users to manage their crypto assets online. While convenient, web wallets are generally considered less secure than hardware or software wallets.

Refers to the decentralized, blockchain-based internet that aims to give users more control over their data and digital assets. It encompasses applications built on decentralized technologies, particularly those using cryptocurrencies and smart contracts.

Wei is the smallest denomination of Ether (ETH). 1 ETH is equivalent to 1000000000000000000 WEI.

A phrase popular in the crypto community, asking when an investor will be able to afford a Lamborghini, symbolizing significant financial success from cryptocurrency investments. It is often used humorously to question when token prices will rise.

A slang phrase used by crypto investors to ask when a particular cryptocurrency will experience a significant price increase, or "moon." It reflects optimism or impatience for high returns.

A term used to describe individuals or entities that hold large amounts of cryptocurrency, capable of influencing market prices through their trades. Whales are often tracked by traders due to their market-moving potential.

A detailed document that outlines the technology, goals, and mechanics of a blockchain project or cryptocurrency. It is typically used to explain a project's value proposition and technical design to potential investors and users.

A popular NFT collection celebrating women and diversity, featuring hand-drawn digital art pieces. It has gained recognition in the NFT community for its inclusivity and positive social impact.

A tokenized version of Bitcoin that exists on the Ethereum blockchain, representing 1:1 value with Bitcoin. It allows Bitcoin holders to participate in decentralized finance (DeFi) activities on Ethereum.

A tokenized version of Ether (ETH) that conforms to the ERC-20 standard, allowing it to be used in decentralized applications (dApps) on the Ethereum blockchain. WETH is commonly used in DeFi protocols.

A ticker symbol for Bitcoin (BTC), often used on some exchanges and in financial contexts. It is an alternative representation for Bitcoin in global markets.

A renowned digital artist in the NFT space, known for their distinctive, glitchy art style. XCOPY's works are highly valued in the NFT community for their commentary on cryptocurrency and blockchain culture.

The native cryptocurrency of the NEM blockchain, used for transactions and securing the network. NEM introduced unique features like multi-signature accounts and the Proof of Importance (PoI) consensus algorithm.

Extensible Message Transport Protocol (XMTP) is a decentralized messaging protocol that allows secure communication between blockchain addresses. It aims to provide a Web3-native messaging layer for users and dApps.

The native cryptocurrency of the Ripple network, designed for fast, low-cost international payments and remittances. It is used to facilitate cross-border transactions in Ripple's network of financial institutions.

A decentralized finance (DeFi) protocol that automates yield farming by moving users' funds between different liquidity pools to maximize returns. Its native token, YFI, plays a key role in governance and decision-making.

Yellow Paper is a technical document that provides a formal mathematical description of a blockchain protocol or cryptocurrency. It serves as a supplement to the whitepaper by offering more in-depth technical specifications.

A DeFi strategy where users provide liquidity to decentralized protocols in exchange for rewards, typically in the form of tokens. It is often used to maximize returns on idle cryptocurrency assets.

A privacy-focused cryptocurrency that offers users the option to send fully shielded transactions, hiding both transaction amounts and participants using zero-knowledge proofs. ZCash aims to provide stronger financial privacy compared to Bitcoin.

A cryptocurrency exchange based in India, offering trading services for various digital assets. It was one of the earliest platforms to bring cryptocurrency trading to Indian users.

A cryptographic method by which one party can prove to another that a statement is true without revealing any underlying information. This concept is key to enhancing privacy in blockchain technologies.

A layer-2 scaling solution that bundles multiple transactions into a single transaction for submission to the main blockchain, using zero-knowledge proofs to verify the correctness of the transactions. They offer increased scalability and lower gas fees.

Short for "Zero-Knowledge Succinct Non-Interactive Argument of Knowledge," this cryptographic proof system allows one party to prove the validity of a statement to another without revealing any information. It is used in privacy-focused cryptocurrencies like ZCash.

A decentralized oracle that uses zero-knowledge proofs to verify off-chain data without revealing the underlying information. It provides secure, verifiable data feeds for blockchain applications while preserving privacy.

A scaling solution that combines sharding with zero-knowledge proofs to increase the transaction throughput of a blockchain without compromising on security or decentralization. It aims to address blockchain scalability challenges.

A layer-2 scaling protocol for Ethereum that uses zero-knowledge rollups to provide faster and cheaper transactions while maintaining security. zkSync allows users to interact with Ethereum dApps without incurring high gas fees.